(viii)
Agricultural Insect-pests and Diseases
Insect
- Pests and Diseases. ----
Insect-pests and diseases can play havoc with the crops if they are not properly
protected. The farmers can protect the crops by availing the facilities
provided by the Government for ground and sprayings. The Government launch
special compaigns to control insect pests of sugarcane and rabi oilseed crops
at the block level. The farmers are assisted by the staff of Plant Protection
Scheme to combat the pest menace. Treatment for controlling seed-borne diseases
and improving germination of some crops, is being undertaken extensively. Use
of weedicides is being taken up on a large-scale for controlling the weeds
effectively and economically. Special campaigns are also launched for rat
control.
The Plant Protection Scheme was in operation in the
district even when it was in PEPSU . Under this scheme, one Assistant Plant Protection
Officer, 5 Plant Protection Inspectors, 1 Agricultural Sub-Inspector, 7
Beldars, 5 Mechanics, 1 Accountant, 1 Clerk, 1 Driver, 1 Peon and 1 Chowkidar
were employed to guide the cultivators, as to how to protect the crops from
disease.
Following are the major pests and diseases which damage
crops, in the district:---
(d)
Animal Husbandry, Poultry and Fishereis
The main activities of the Animal Husbandry Department in
the Patiala District are to increase the genetic potential of livestock through
cross breeding and selective breeding, to provide efficeint health cover, to
provide extension services by holding sterility camps, film shows, etc., to
educate farmers regarding improved feeding and management practices to get
maximum return from their animals; to implement 20-point Economic Programme,
and to provide improved fodder seeds at concessional rates.
After the Green Revolution, the State is poised for White
Revolution and the farmers are prepared to make it a success. To achieve this
objective, a large number of schemes have been launched and improved fodder
seeds at concessional rates.
The district is fairly rich in livestock, which includes
cattle, buffaloes, camels, sheep, goats, horses and ponies, mules, donkeys and pigs.
The number of livestock in the district, according to 1966, 1972 and 1977
livestock Census is given in the following table: -
(i) Animal Health and Animal
Breeding wing
At the district level, Deputy Director , Animal Husbandry ,
Patiala is responsible for the activities of the Animal Husbandry Department.
This department at the district level has been divided into two wings. viz.
Animal Health wing and Animal Breeding Wing.
Animal
Health Wing.---- It is under the charge
of the District Animal Husbandry Officers , Patiala , who is assisted by 61
Veterinary Officers , 204 Pharmacists, 10 Assistant Extension Officers and 7
Live Stock Inseminators. The main functions of the Animal Health Wing are ; to
provide efficient health cover for the treatment of sick animals; to protect
livestock from contagious diseases by doing prophylactic vaccination, to
protect livestock from worms by deworming the young and adult at proper times.
In order to provide efficent health cover, a network of
veterinary hospitals, dispensaries and insemination units has been created in
the district. As on 31 March, 1989, there were 68 veterinary hospitals, 40
veterinary dispensaries and 38 insemination units in the district.
Animal
Breeding Wing. ---- With a view to increasing
the milk production in the shortest possible time, the Animal Husbandry
Department has launched a large scale cross-breeding programme in cows in the
district. In buffaloes, selective breeding is being done with the pedigreed
bulls.
Frozen semen technique is
being used for artificial insemination in the district. For the production of
Frozen semen straws, 2 frozen semen banks-cum-bulls stations alongwith 2 liquid
nitrogen plants have been set up. On 31 March 1989, there were 68 veterinary hospitals,
40 permanent outlying dispensaries and 3 temporary outlying dispensaries.
Besides, 38 insemination units are attached to the veterinary hospitals/
dispensaries. Artificial insemination facilities are provided in veterinary
institutions.
In any breeding programme, bull plays an important role. By
adopting frozen semen techniques for artificial insemination, the role of bull
has become all the more important. With a view to produce large number of
pedigreed bulls of exotic/cross bred/buffalo bulls, the Animal Husbandry
Department has set up three cattle/buffalo breeding farms at Patiala, Nabha and
Bir Dosanjh (Nabha) in the district.
The Key Village Scheme is now covered in Intensive Cattle
Development Programme. Its aim is to improve the livestock through artificial
insemination and to provide health cover to the livestock.
Semen
Banks.--- There are two semen
banks functioning in the district, one each at Patiala and Nabha. Semen from
cow bulls of HF, HF Cross-bred and Jersery bulls is frozen at Patiala and
despatched to various districts for carrying out the cross-breeding programme.
During 1988-89, 3,84,101 doses of semen were frozen at this bank.
The semen from buffalo bulls is frozen at Semen Bank, Nabha and
supplied to various districts of the State for carrying out the selective
breeding programme in buffalies with pedigreed bulls. Progeny testing of
buffalo bulls is also carried out in the districts of Patiala and Sangrur.
During the year 1988-89 , 2,52,667 doses of semen were frozen at this bank.
Development
of Gaushalas
There were six gaushalas at
Patiala, Rajpura, Samana, Nabha, Mandi Gobindgarh and Bassi Pathana in the
district during 1988-89.
Gosadans
Only one qosadan is
functioning at Kothi Rani Di near Bhadson in the district.
Cattle
Fairs and shows
The main objective of the cattle fairs and shows is to bring
together the cattle breeders and the buyers . The achieve this objective and to
remove the malpractices at the cattle fairs and shows, the Punjab Government
nationalized the cattle fairs and shows throughout the state by promulgating
Punjab Cattle Fairs (Regulations) Ordinance which was subsequently replaced by
the Punjab Cattle Fairs (Regulations) Act of 1967.
The State Government provides a number of facilities to the
buyers and sellers at these cattle fairs and shows. It makes arragements for
light to avoid chances of theft of cattle. Tents are provided for night stay
free of cost. Besides, sufficient quantity of fodder is also arraged at the
site of the fair. The owners of good quality cattle are given awards.
The Cattle Fair Officer, Patiala ,with necessary supporting
staff is responsible for holding cattle fairs and shows in the district. These
fairs are held in the district every month at samana, Patiala , banur Dera
Bassi, Sirhind , Sarai Banjara, Rajpura, Shambu, Patran, Nabha, Devigarh and
lalru. These are generally held near the railway stations and the main roads.
These fairs and shows are also a source of income to the
Government, as it charges 4 per cent of the price of Cattle from the buyer and
2 per cent from the seller.
Castration
For eliminating the undesirable male calves, castration is
adopted. It controls the reproductive ability and scrub of inferior bulls
because breeding such bulls results in
the genetic potential of the progeny. Castration facilties are provided in each
veterinary institution of Animal Husbandary Department. During the year 1988-89,
1,723 animals were castrated in the district.
Control of Menace of Wild
and Stray Cattle. - In order to control the menace of wild and stray cattle,
the scheme for their rounding up known as Wild and Stray Cattle Catching Scheme
was launched in the State in 1962-63. Under this scheme, cattle catching
parties are organised to round up wild and stray cattle. This scheme is bring
operated in the district by the General Manager, Bir Dosanj, Nabha. Under this
scheme, wild and stray cattle are collected and sent to gosadan at Kothi Rani Di near Bhdson.
(ii) Area
under Fodder Crops
Folder crop are the main
food of the cattle. The availability of agricultural wastes, permanent pastures
and grazing lands are decreasing day by day. With the decrease in grazing
facilities, fodder crops have gained much importance. The area under such crops
was 1,04,198 hectares in 1980-89. The important among the fodder crops are
chari, guaram berseem, etc.
The following table gives
the area under fodder crops in the district from 1980-81 to 1988-89:-
Dairy
Farming
For making Green Revolution
a great success and for further improving the per capita rural income, the need
was felt for developing dairy industry. The State Government is also conscious
of the important role which milk plays in the diet of the community and is,
therefore encouraging the development of modern dairy farming as subsidiary to
agriculture. As a result of the persistent efforts of the Government, per
capita availability of milk has gone upto 594 grams in the State as against 131
grams at the national level which is highest in the country. The dairy farming
in the State is in private, public and cooperative sectors. In the co-operative
sector, the developmental activity is on well recognised Anand Pattern. This
programmes of Government of India. In the Patiala District, M/s Hindustan Milk
Manufactures Ltd. Nabha and M/s Milk Food Ltd. Bahadurgarh are the milk
procuring agencies, besides the Punjab Dairy Development Corporation.
With a view to encouraging
dairy farming, 21days training is also imparted in educating young men and
women belonging to the weaker section of the society to provide self employment
by setting up mini dairy units. durning the training period, each candidate is
given an amount of Rs.100 as stipend.Afer the compeltion of the traning, the
candidates are assisted in securing loans froms financial institution for the
purchase of 5 milch animals.The beneficiaries are also given an amount of Rs
1,000 for the construction of modern cattle sheds. 5 per cent interest subsidy
, 2/3 insurance subsidy and Rs 240 for the purchase of cattle feed is also
given to the beneficiaries.
According to livestock Census of 1977 , the number of milch
cows and buffaloes in the district was 3,41,800.
(iv) Sheep
Breeding
The department of Animal husbandry arranges special camps to
educate the farmers for diary farming, Sheep rearing, poultry and piggery
farming. There is one polytechnic institute at Patiala which imparts training
regarding dairy farming, sheep rearing and poultry and piggery farming. The
sheep and wool extension centres provide special services to the sheep breeders
in the village. According to livestock Census of 1977, the number of sheep and
goats in the district was 43,800 and 55,600 respectively.
(v) Poultry
Farming
The demand for non-vegetarian nutritious diet was resulted
in the increase in demand for poultry birds. To meet the increased demand for
these, there has been mushroom growth of poultry farms in the district. A
poultry farm is also functioning at patiala to provide day old chicks and
broilers to the poultry breeders. Poultry service centres are also functioning
at various places in the district to provide extension facilities to the
poultry breeders. The Government is also encouraging poultry farms. The number
of poultry birds in the district, according to 1977 livestock Census was
5,15,400.
(vi) Piggery
Pig is one of the most efficient food convering animal
amongst the domestic livestock. In order to produce crossbred pigs on
scientific lines, 8 Government Pig Breeding Farms have been established in the
State where pigs of large white, york-have and land race breeds are produced.
The piglets produced at these farms are supplied to pig breeders. For the production
of pedigree boars and sows, a Government Pig Breeding Farm is functioning at
Nabha. According to 1977 Cattle livestock. Census, there were 33,400 pigs in
the district.
(vii)
Fisheries
The fishing in the Patiala District was started since PEPSU
era. The department then used to manage the natural fisheries of river Ghaggar,
its tributaries and other canals, etc. It was run under the control of the
Forest Department. The office of the District Fisheries Officer, Patiala was
established in 1972 , and later on this post was upgraded as Assistant Director, Fisheries. He is the
in charge of Fisheries Department in the Patiala District. He is assisted by 5
Fisheries Officers ( one each posted at the subdivisional level), 11 Field
Assistants (2 posted in each subdivision, including one at the headquarters ),
14 fishermen, besides other allied staff.
There are three commercial seed farms functioning in the
Patiala District at Bir Dosanjh; Nabha, Phagan Majra and Patrikham farm. The
seed farm Phagan Majra is functioning under the National Seed Production
Programme of Government of India and the Patrikham farm is used for rearing at
Patran. The fish seed is supplied to fish farmers, panchayats, etc., on cash
basis at the rate of Rs 100 per thousand from 1" to 2" size . The
total production potential from all these farms/nurseries is about 25 lakhs.
All the six cultural varieties, Indian and exotic fishes, i.e. catla, rohu,
mrig common carp, grass carp and silver carp are bred at these fish farms. The
breeding is done in the months of July and August and then in January and
February . During 1988-89 , there were 262 ponds within an area of 164.59
hectares. The average production from pond fishery per hectare per year is 35
tonnes to 4 tonnes. Different varieties of fish found in the district are
mentioned in Chapter---1 'General ' in its section 'Fauna'.
To encourage fish farming in private sector, the subsidy is
provided by the department for the excavation of new ponds at the rate of Rs
6,250 per hectare and for renovation Rs 2,500 per hectare. Besides , short term
training is also imparted to prospective fish farmers to educate them in fish
culture practices on modern scientific line at fish seed nursery , Patran.
During 1988-89 , under Fish farmers Development Agency, a centrally sponsored
scheme under the chairmanship of Deputy Commissioner has also been set up in
the district.
(viii)
Animal Diseases and Veterinary Hospitals
Animal
Diseases -- Animal suffer from a
number of diseases in the district. The most common diseases are as under:
Veterinary
Hospitals .---- For the treatment of
animal diseases in the district, a network of veterinary hospitals and dis
pensaries has been laid . In 1988-89, there were 68 veterinary hospitals, 40
outlying dispensaries and 38 artificial insemination units in the district.
During the times of princely
States, the importance of forestry was also recognised. The question of
maintaining the source of the fuel supply, both for the people and the hill
stations, received attention in 1845 and probably earlier. In 1860, Lord
William Hay directed the protecting its forest and husbanding their produce.
Since that time, the matter has never been entirely lost sight of. In 1861, a
forests protective establishment was instituted . The forests were placed under
the civil nizamat and between 1861 and 1870 , many changes in the control
tending to more effective management were carried out. British officers of the
Forest Department made reports on the fuel supply in 1876, 1878 and 1888. On
receipt of a letter from the Punjab Government in 1879, the Patiala State took
action, appointed a Superintendent of Forest, and introduced the Conservancy
Rules proposed by Mr. Baden-Powell. This was really the first step towards
effective management. In 1885, Pandit Sunder Lal, who had passed the Forest
Ranger's test in theImperial Forest School at Dehradum, was appointed Nazim of
Forest and he at once stopped the reckless cutting for lime burning , charcoal
making, etc. In 1890, a Forest Settelement was carried out by Mr. G.G.Minniken,
who also prepared a working plan which was accepted by the Darbar. Besides the
forests proper, the Patiala State owned 12,000 acres of bir in the plains.
Considerable quantities of kikar and dhrek flourished in these birs, which were
under the control of the Nazim of Forests.
The Divisional Forest
Officer, Patiala look after forestry in the district. His jurisdiction extends
to the entire district. The forest of the district are divided into eight
ranges, viz. Patiala Range, Rajpura Range, Dera Bassi Range, Bhuner Heri Range,
Samana Range, Nabha Range, Bhadson Range and Sirhind Range. The Divisional
Forest Officer, Patiala is assisted by 1 Deputy Divisional Forest Officer, 7
Forest Rangers, 3 Deputy Rangers, 18 FOresters, 90 Forest Guards in the field
and 1 Superintendent, 1 Assistant and 10 Clerks, besides 5 other Class III and
19 Class IV employees at the headquaters.
(i)
Importance of Forestry in the Economy of the District
Forest Department is fully
alive to the requirements of the people and in improving the environment which
is being polluted day by day. According to Forest Policy, in order to maintain
ecological balance, the total forest area in the ditrict should be 20 per cent
of the total geographical area of the
district in the plains, where as at present only 2.84 per cent area is under
forest in the district. The plaintations on government birs and along the rail,
road and canal as fuel and to save the land from erosion and floods and t
maintain ecological plantations on the boundary of their fields and many
compact areas have also been planted by the private individuals.
Forest in the district which
consist of birs and along the rail, road and canal strips are managed under
proper working plans. Plantation under private lands is done under the Farm
Forestry Scheme.
The bir areas were
transferred from erstwhile States of Patiala, Nabha, Kalsia and Jind and the
strips areas were transferred to the Forest Department for scientific
management. The Farms Forestry Scheme implemented in the entire State has
farmers have planted considerable areas with mostly eucalyptus, kikar, shisham
and popular species.
The existing forests comprise
mainly of shisham, kikar, eucalyptus, mango, mulberry, Jamun, neem, dhrek,etc.
However there is also sprinkling of other species like pipal, khjur and beri,
etc.
Area undr
Forests. -- The area of Patiala
District is almost plain and is mostly under agriculture. The land of the
district is very suitable for agricultural crops like wheat, paddy , sugarcane,
cotton and various pulses. There is a little scope for raising of forest in
such fertile lands but the farm forestry operations have yielded good results
and good pockets of compact blocks have come up in addition to plenty of
plantation on boundaries of the fields.
There are no Reserved
Forests in the Patiala Division. The forest areas consist of Unclassed Forests
and area under Section 38 of the Indian Forest Act, 1927. The strips along PWD
roads, railway lines, canal and drains are also being managed as Protected
Forests under the Indian Forest Act.
The forests in the district
are classified, according to the legal status into Protected and Unclassed,
which are mentioned below :
Protected
Forests
(i) Reserve
Forests
There is no Reserve Forests
in Patiala Forests Division.
(ii)
Protected Forests
All strips of railways, canal
and PWD roads are declared as Protected Forests by Punjab Government, for
Canals, vide notification No. 3059-Ft-58/1951 of June 1958, for railways, vide
notification No. 4362-Ft-58/145, dated 19 November 1958, and for P W D Roads,
vide notification No. 6058-Ft-III-57/3305, dated 31 December 1957. Birs have
also been declared Protected Forests, vide Punjab Government notification No. 2026-Ft-(iv)-61/3654, dated 5 July 1961.
(iii) Birs
Previously, these birs were grazing lands and have come from
erstwhile PEPSU State. These are not in compact blocks , but are detached lands
here and there. Inferior crops of Kana, bushes , Kikar , beri, jand and grasses
or sandy blank/alkaline areas are found in the birs. Bhuner Heri and Bhadson
ranges have been created since 1981-82 for the intensive working of these birs.
Plantations of eucalyptus, kikar and other economical species have been raised
in these forest areas.
During 1988-89, the area under Protected Forests in the
district was 16,250.94 hectares.
Unclassed
Forests
The area under forests in
the district in 1988-89 was as under:
(iii) Forest
Produce
Timber and fuelwood are the major produce. Trees are handed
over to Punjab State Forest Development Corporation for felling and conversion
timber and fuel wood which is sold by the corporation through auction from its
depots. The minor forest produce are grasses, kahi, kana and panni, which are
generally auctioned for cutting every year. Fruit is also auctioned as minor
forest produce.
The annual income
realised by the department from the sale of forest produce in the district,
during 1980-81 to 1988-89 was as under:
Floods
Floods are caused by overflowing of rivers or by excessive
rains. There is no perennial river flowing through the district. The main
seasonal stream which traverses this district is Ghaggar .With a view to
controlling floods due to untimely and heavy rains and minimising waterlogging
arising due to canals,spurs and stuts have been built into the beds of Ghaggar
at some points . Additional syphon has been provided in the branch of bhakra
main line and bunds and embankments have been provided at various ends.
There were floods in 1975, 1978, 1980,1981 and 1983 in the
district which caused damage to crops and property. There was also loss of
human lives during these floods.
The Government provides relief to the flood affected people
in the form of gratuitous grant and taccavi, loans remission of land
revenue/abiana and electricity charges to the tube-well owners. Recovries of
various taccavi laons, etc. are also postponed .
The following table shows the damage caused by floods and
heavy rains in the district during 1975-1989.
INDUSTRIES
|
v
Labour
:Deputy Registrar , Co-operative Societies Patiala) |
(a)
Old Time Industries and Industrial Development
Though the people of Patiala District depended mainly on
agriculture for earning their livelihood, many crafts and industries also flourished
in the district in the past. patiala has long been known for its gota and zari
work as also for silk azarbands (trouser strings) , daryai (silk cloth) due to
the patronage of the princely house and gentry susi and duries were made at
Patiala, Nabha, bassi and amloh, and brass and bell metal utensils at Patiala.
Sanur was famous for hand fans made out of date palm leaves, patiala and Nabha
are still known for nala, parandas and desi juti. The jails at Patiala and
Nabha manufactured and still continue to manufacture durries , niwar and ban of
very quality.
Silver cups were made at Patiala. Gold and silver wire was
made from bars of silver (kandla) moulded in the state mint. Thin sheets of
gold were wrapped round the silver to make gold wire , while for silver wire
pure bar silver, with an alloy of copper to stiffen it, was used. The wire was
then used in the manufacture of gold and silver lace (gota) which was said to
be superior to that made in Delhi, though it was not so light as the best quality
. Flattened wire (badla) was woven with silk thread to make gota and twisted
with it to make zari. Then again zari and silk thread were woven to make katun.
Ivory bracelets, surmedanis (boxes for collyrium) and combs were made to a
small extent. At the capital, there was a large manufacture of brass and
bell-metal ware and it was noted for its phul ke kaul (light cups). There was a
large market for handsome bedsteads woven with cotton string. The silk
azarbands, daryai and churia (stripped silk) of Patiala were well-known , and
though the last two materials were inferior to those made in Amritsar, the
first was quite as good.
The Amloh Nizamat had a local reputation for gharbrun and
susi. Durries were made in the towns of
Amloh and Nabha, but they were sold locally. There was a cotton-ginning factory
at Nabha Town and the cotton when ginned was exported to Ambala. Acotton press
had also been erected at Gobindgarh.
Some noticeable changes, however, came about in the
industrial set up of the district in the forties. The Maharaja of Nabha
allotted free plots of land at gobindgarh for the installation of steel
re-rolling mills. He exempted them from octroi duty and helped them in getting
quotas of iron and steel. These concessions led to the establishment of a large
number of re-rolling mills at Gobindgarh. The Patiala Darbar facilited the
establishment of a cement factory at Surajpur and a biscuit factory and a
starch factory at Rajpura.
The post-independence period
saw futher expansion in industry. A factory area was set up at Patiala and
plots were allotted to the industrial parties on liberal terms. Anther
industrial area came up at Rajpura for boosting industrial development in the
district. Supply of electricity from the Bhakra-Nangal project accelerated the
pace of industrialisation both in expanse and diversity.
In the field of industry,
the district had registered some progress in the sixties. Over one hundred iron
and steel foundaries and re-rolling mills had mushroomed in the industrial town
of Gobindgarh. Rajpura Town had also made a sizable dent in the economy of the
district with the coming up of the Road Master Industries and the Industrial
Cable Factory, wellknow for the manufacture of high quality cycles and
industrial cables, respectively. The district is also know for its biscuit
factory at Rajpura--the only factory in the State and the Horlicks factory at
Nabha and a few units manufacturing electrical goods like power transmitters,
ceiling fans, power stabilizers, etc. The State Government extended a number of
facilities, like tax exemptions, cheap power, etc. to the entrepreneurs for
setting up of industrial units in this area.
The prominent industrial
town of the district is Gobindgarh, which is known as 'steel town' of India. In
1902, Maharaja Hira Singh of Patiala State got started some industrial units
here. It was declared a free trade zone for steel by Maharaja Partap Singh in
1928. The first re-rolling mills was established in 1904. Later in, a number of
re-rolling mills came into existence. These mills are exporting re-rolling
steel to various parts of the country and also to some foreign countries. It is
due to vast industrial activity that Gobindgarh Town has almost touched khanna
Town (in Ludhiana District) and both towns look as one town. Since now
expansion towards Khanna Town is not possible, a number of steel re-rolling
mills are being established on Gobindgarh-Amloh road. In 1981, there were about
205 steel-re-rolling mills in Gobindgarh.
Patiala and Nabha towns are
known for household industries of factory and colourful waist-cords and
hairtying cord (nalas and parandas) and
jutis (tpye of casual footwear). Patiala City has a distinction in zari and
gota works. Sirhind Town has recently developed as a centre for building truck and bus bodies.
The survey conducted by the
Ecnomic and Statistical Organisation, Patiala during October 1975 to May 1977
revealed that Patiala District had 5,782 an investment of Rs. 831.8 lakhs. The
value of production by these industries during the above said period was to the
tune of Rs1,661.3 lakhs. The number of small-scale factories in Patiala
registered with the Industries Department, Punjab, were 1,337 in 1978-79 which
went up to 1,652 in 1979-80. The investment in these small units during 1979-80 was Rs. 1,401.5 lakhs employing
13,029 persons. Amoung these , units manufacturing agricultural implements had
predominance.
For the development of
industrial sector, industrial focal points have been declared in Nabha and Rajpura
where Government provides economic assistance to industries.
A prominent industry in the
private sector is Milkfood Limited, which is situated in Bahadurgarh, about
11km from Patiala City. This unit produces desi ghee, milk powder, sterilized
flavoured milk. The Goetze India Limited, anotherimportant factory in this
sector manufacturesauto pistons and rings. Hindustan Milkfood Manufactures auto
pistons important factory in this sector manufacturing auto pistons and rings.
Hindustan Milkfood Manufacture Limited (HMM) situated at Nabha manufactures
desi ghee and 'Horlicks' the well-know beverage.
The Government of India in
sollaboration woth the Punjab Government has established a diesel component
workshop at the northern fringe of Patiala City. It is another big step forward
in the field of industrialisation of the district as also of the State.
The State Government
provides financial aid to industry in the form of loans, subsidies and
grantsin-aid The Industries Department issues essentiality certificates for
granting import licences for raw materials, machinery and their components. It
also arranges procurement and distribution of coal, coke cement, iron and
steel. It provides technical guidance for starting new industries and imparts
industrial training at its various institutions. Another assistance from
Government is in the form of establishing industrial areas and industrial
estates.
The State Industries Department has many attractive schemes
to encourage industrialists in setting up new industrial units. These include
concessions regarding land , finance and capital , power taxation, and in
procuring of raw material, etc. Financial assistance for the development of
industries under the Punjab aid to Industries Act, 1935, is given to the
small-scale units on liberal terms and low rate of interest. Besides,
nationalised commercial banks also advance working capital and loans to the
industry. The punjab Financial Corporation provides finance to the medium and
large -scale industrial units, whereqs the comercial danks offer loanns to the
small -scale units for short ppperipd.
The follwing tadle shows the
amount of finacial assistance given tadle shows the amount of financial
assistance given under the punjab state aid to indus -tries act 1935, for the
development of small-scale industries in the Patiala District, during 1981-82
to 1988-89:-
The other measures taken for
the promotion of industries in the district are discussed below:--
1 Quality
Marking Scheme.---This is another measure
taken by the State Government for the proper growth of small -scale industries
in the district. It provides testing and instructive facilitities to the
industrialists and renders guidance to them in improving the quality of their
products and in standardising the products of small-scale units. The following
Quality Marking Centres and Common Facility Centres (Industrial Development
-cum- Service Centres) have been set up in the Patiala District under the
Schene:-
(i) Qualtiy Marking Centre
for Engineering goods, Patiala.
(ii) Quality Marking Centre
for Engineering goods, Rajpura.
(iii) Common Facility Centre
for Preparation of Dies, Jiga and fixtures, Patiala
(iv) Common Facility Centre
for Heat Treatment of Metals, Patiala.
(v) Common Facilitiy Centre
for Heat treatment of Metals , Bassi Pathana
(vi) Common Facility Centre
for Development and Testing Electrical Appliances, Patiala
2 Rural Industrialisation.----- There are five rural Industrail Development
centres and common facility Workshops running in the district. These workshops
besides rendering technical assistance, undertake the manufacturing of all
types of common agricultural implements, like persian wheels components, gur
making equipment , poultry feeders, grain storage bins, ploughs etc. The
following are the rural Industrial development Centre/Common Facility Workshop
run in the Patiala District:-
(i) Rural Industrial
Development Centre for Leather (Footwear), Patiala
(ii) Rural Industrial
Development Centre for Light Engineering , Dera Bassi
(iii) Rural Industrial
Development Centre for Carpentry and Blacksmithy, Banur
(iv) Common Facility
workshop for Light Engineering Trade, Samana
(v) Common Facility workshop
for Light Engineering Trade, Sirhind