The 8 Punjab Vidhan Sabha
Constituencies in the District were: Abohar, Fazlika, Jalalabad, Guru Har
Sahai, Firozpur, Firozpur Cantonment, Zira and Dharmkot.
Out
of the 8 candidates elected from the above constituencies, 3 had affiliation
with the Congress, 2 with the Akali Dal (Sant Group), 1 with the Communist
Party of India, 1 with the Jan Sangh, and 1 was Independent. The total number
of valid votes polled in favour of each of the contesting parties in the
District was as follows :
Name of Party Total number of Percentage
Votes polled
Indian National Congress 1,33,545 41,27
,
Shiromani Akali Dal 62,231 19.23
(Sant Group)
Bhartiya Jan Sangh 57,842 17.90
Communist Party of Indian 20,046 6.19
Communist Party of Indian 6,720 2.07
(Marxist)
Shiromani Akali Dal 4,762 1.52
(Master Group)
Independents 38,427 11.82
--------------------------------------------
Mid-term General Elections to the Punjab
Vidhan Sabha, 1969 :-In the fourth General Elections, 1967, no single
political party had obtained absolute majority in the Punjab Vidhan Sabha.
Therefore not long after a situation was created. In that situation, no single
party or workable alliance of parties could provide a stable Government. In the
circumstances, as recommended by the Governor, Punjab, the President of India
issued a proclamation on 23 August
1968, under Article 356 of the Constitution of India placing the State of
Punjab under the Presidential rules. Thus the Punjab Vidhan Sabha, constituted
in 1967, stood dissolved, necessitating a mid-term general elections so as to
constitute a new Vidhan Sabha.
The
entire poll was conduct throughout the State on a single day on 9 February
1969. Out of the total population of 8,79,599 (1961 Census) of the District,
the number of electors was 5,07,497.
This
election was held in the same 8 Punjab vidhan Sabha constituencies in the
District as were delimited in the Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly
Constituencies Order, 1966, and were in force at the time of the Fourth General
Elections, 1967. The names of these constituencies were : Abohar, Fazlika,
Jalalabad, Guru Har Sahai, Firozpur Cantonment, Zira and Dharmkot.
Out
of 8 candidates elected from the above Punjab Vidhan Sabha Constituencies, 4 had
affiliation with the Congress, 1 with the Akali Dal, 2 with the Jan Sangh and 1
with the Janta Party. The total number of valid votes polled in favour of each
of the contesting parties in the District was as follows :
Name of Party Total number
of Percentage
Votes polled
Indian National Congress 1,27,771 35.06
Akali Dal 62,615 19.72
Bhartiya Jan Sangh 81,614 22.05
Communist Party of Indian 12,576 3.39
Communist Party of Indian 6,871 1.73
(Marxist)
Independents 46,538 12.57
Janta Party 29,129 7.77
Others 2,993 0.71
---------------------------------------------------
Fifth General Elections to the Lok Sabha,
1971 :- There was only one Lok Sabha constituency in the District, viz.
Firozpur. The Congress candidate was declared successful from this
constituency. The total number of electors in the District was 5,37,573. The
total number of valid votes polled by each of the contesting parties in the
District was as under :
Name of Party Total number of Percentage
Votes polled
Congress 1,60,813 56.41
Akali Dal 1,07,887 37.41
Congress (O) 8,635 3.03
Samyukta Socialist Party 2,796 0.98
Independents 4,965 1.74
--------------------------------------------
Fifth General Elections to
the Punjab Vidhan Sabha, 1972 :-
The
fifth general elections to the Punjab Vidhan Sabha were necessitated owing to
the premature dissolution of the Punjab Vidhan Sabha constituted in March 1969.
It was for the second time that the President’s rule was imposed on the State.
In the wake of the President’s rule, emergency was declared owing to the
Indo-Pakistan conflict in 1971. The preparation for the conduct of the new general elections had, therefore, to be
made under the shadow of emergency. The
poll throughout the State was held on a single day, i.e. on 11 March 1972.
There were 8 Punjab Vidhan Sabha constituencies in the present Firozpur
District. viz. Abohar, Fazlika, Jalalabad, Guru Har Sahai, Firozpur, Firozpur
Cantonment, Zira and Dharmkot . The total number of electors in the District
was 5,42,936. From these constituencies, 5 Congress, 2 Akalis, and 1 Communist
Party of India candidates were elected. The number of valid votes polled in
favour of each of the contesting parties in the District was as under :
Name of Party Total number of Percentage
Votes polled
Congress 1,67,223 45.62
Akali Dal 62,497 17.34
Communist Party of Indian 36,909 10.07
Jan Sangh 37,366 10.20
Communist Party of Indian 955 0.21
(Marxist)
Congress (O) 758 0.22
Socialists 9,723 2.54
Independents 51,155 13.70
--------------------------------------------
Sixth General Elections to the Lok Sabha,
1977 :- The Sixth General Elections to the Lok Sabha were held on 16 March
1977. For the first time since independence, the reins of the Central
government passed into the hands of the
bloc of four opposition parties—the
Janata Party, consisting of the Organization Congress, the Bhartiya Lok Dal,
the Jan Sangh and the Socialist Party. This bloc was voted into office with
overwhelming majority by the bloc of electorate in the northern States. The
result of the Firozpur Constituency was not declared owing to some unavoidable
circumstances, created by the parities and repolling was held on 26 April 1977.
The
Lok Sabha elections were not accompanied with elections to the State
Assemblies, whose terms of office in most cases were due to expire in 1978. the
Janta Government decided to call early elections in a number of States on the
pole that a climate of uncertainty had come to prevail in them in the wake of
the virtual rejection in the Lok Sabha
elections of the Congress candidates in several States. Consequently, the elections to some States, including the Punjab were held . In
the Punjab, the Lok Sabha elections
were held on 12 June 1977 and were
completed on the same day. In the elections to the Punjab Vidhan Sabha, the
Akali Dal and the Janata Party obtained the majority of votes, defeating the
Congress. Consequently, on 20 June 1977, the Akali Janata formed a Coalition
Government in the Punjab.
Lok Sabha Constituency
There
was only one Lok Sabha Constituency in the Firozpur District, viz. Firozpur.
The total number of electors in the District was 6,31,895. The Akali Dal
candidate won the seat. The total number of valid votes polled in favour of each
of the contesting parties in the District was as under :
Name of Party Total number
of Percentage
Votes polled
Indian National Congress 1,38,835 33.57
Shiromani Akali Dal 80,826 19.55
Janata 86,728 21.00
Communist Party of Indian 45,296 10.95
Independents 61,733 14.93
---------------------------------------------------
There were 9 Vidhan Sabha Constituencies in the
Firozpur District, viz. Balluana (reserved for the member of the Scheduled
Castes), Abohar, Fazlika, Jalalabad, Guru Har Sahai, Firozpur, Firozpur
Cantonment, Zira and Dharmkot (reserved for the member of the Scheduled
Castes). The total number of electors in the District was 6,53,878. From these
Vidhan Sabha constituencies, 4 Congress, 2 Shironmani Akali Dal, 2 Communist
Party of India and 1 Janta Party candidates were elected. The total number of
votes polled by each contesting party is given below :
Name of Party Total number
of Percentage
Votes polled
Congress 1,38,835 33.58
Shiromani Akali Dal 80,826 19.55
Communist Party of Indian 45,296 10.95
Janata 86,728 20.97
Independents 61,724 14.95
-----------------------------------------------------
Bye-Election to
the Firozpur Cantonment Constituency for the Punjab Vidhan Sabha :- This
bye-election was held on 3 January 1980, as the election of the elected
candidate was declared void. The Shriomani Akali Dal candidate won the seat.
The total number of valid votes polled in favour of each of the contesting
parties in the constituency was as follows :
Name of Party Total number
of Percentage
Votes polled
Shiromani Akali Dal 26,590 49.55
Indian National Congress (I) 26,508 49.37
Independents 576 1.08
--------------------------------------------
Total 53,674 100
(Source : Chief Electoral Officer, Chandigarh)
Seventh (Mid-Term) General Elections to the
Lok Sabha, 1980 :- In the Sixth General Elections to the Lok Sabha,
the Janta Party, consisting of the Organization Congress, the Bhartiya Lok Dal,
the Jan Sangh and Socialist Party, was voted to power by an overwhelming
majority. The Shiromani Akali Dal also supported the Janata Party and it formed
the Ministry in March 1977. After some time, defections started and a Cabinet Minister belonging to Janata Party
defected along with some other Members of Parliament and formed his Ministry in
August 1979, with the support of Congress (I) Party. the adjustment and
compromise between the Ministry and
the supporting Congress (I) Party could
not hold them for a longer period because
of inherent political differences betwe3en the tow parties.
Consequently, the Congress (I) withdrew its support and the Ministry fell
without facing the Parliament even once. The Lok Sabha formed in 1977 as
dissolved by the President under sub-clause (b) of clause (2) of Article 85 of
the Constitution on 22 August 1979, for mid-term elections for constituting the
new house.
Firozpur
was the only Lok Sabha Constituency in the Firozpur District in the (Mid-term) General
Election, 1980. The Congress candidate was elected from this constituency. The
total number of electors for the constituency was 7,55,567 and the total number
of valid votes polled by each contesting party was as under :
Name of Party Total number
of Percentage
Votes polled
------------------------------------------------------
The
Seventh (Mid-Term) General Elections throughout the State and the country was
held on 3 January 1980. Out of the total population of 10,44,936 (1971 Census)
of the Firozpur District, the number of
electors was 7,55,567 for the Lok Sabha and 7,66,350 for the Vidhan Sabha.
The
Punjab Vidhan Sabha, constituted on 12 June 1977, whose term of office was due
to expire in 1982, was also dissolved by the President under Article 356 of the
Constitution on 25 April 1980. The Mid-Term General Elections of the Punjab
Vidhan Sabha were held on 31 May 1980 and completed on the same day. In these
elections, the Congress Party obtained a majority of votes, defeating the Akali
and Janata Party candidates. In June 1980, it formed its Government in the
State.
There were 9 Vidhyan Sabha constituencies in the Firozpur District,
viz. Balluana (reserved for a member of Scheduled Castes), Abohar, Fazilka, Jalalabad,
Guru Har Sahai, Firozpur Cantonment, Zira and Dharamkot (reserved for a member
of the Scheduled Castes). The total number of electors in the district was 7,66,350. From these constituencies, 6
Congress (I), 1 Bhartiya Janata Party, 1 Shiromani Akali Dal and 1 Communist Party of India
candidates were elected. The number of valid votes polled by each contesting
party is given below :
Name of party Number
of Percentage
valid
votes
polled
Indian National Congress (I) 2,232,270 48.28
Shiromani Aklali Dal 58,281 12.12
Bhartiya Janta Party 1,101,475 21.09
Janta (SC) 10,109 2.16
Communist Party 64,227 12.35
Independents 14,402 2.95
Indian National (Congress) 256 0.05
(Source :
Chief Electoral Officer, Punjab, Chandigarh.)
(a)
Political Parties
and Organizations
A parliamentary type of democracy presupposes the existence of
well-organized political parties. In India, political parties have been in existence
for quite some time past, but they were not quite well-organized. In fact, some
of them were mere splinter groups of disgruntled persons belonging to some
other major parties. The adoption of the British Parliamentary system of
Government after Independence, however, called for their reorganization on
solid lines if they wanted to exist. As a result of mergers and amalgamations,,
a number of well of well-organized all-India Parties and State Parties have
been lift in the political field.
During most of the period since
Independence (1947), Indian politics has evolved around one dominant political
party, the Indian National Congress, and several smaller opposition parties.
The role of the opposition parties up to 1977 remained restricted to the influencing of the polices of the
ruling party rather than to the challenging of its monopoly of power when the
reins of the Central Government passed into the hands of the bloc of four
former opposition parties, consisting of the Organization Congress, the Bhartiya
Lok Dal, the Jan Sangh and the Socialist Party, all combing to form the Janata Party. Thereafter, the Indian National
Congress again came into power with an overwhelming majority in the Mid-Term Elections held in January 1980.
A brief
description of these parties is given below :
All-India Parties
Indian National Congress
:- This is by far the largest
political organization in India. Having been founded in 1885 with the sole
purpose of fighting for self-government, the party has emerged as the strongest
political organization which has all along been in the vanguard of the
country’s struggle for freedom. After Independence up to 1977, the Congress
continued to be the most powerful political party in India, and now it is
ruling at the Centre and in the Punjab.
The main objectives of the party since Independence have been to create
a socialistic pattern of society , to rid
the masses of their poverty, and to close the gap between the rich and
the poor.
On the basis of the
first five General Elections, the congress Party controlled the Lok Sabha. it
was pushed out of power in the Sixth General Elections in 1977 and again
captured power in 1980 at the Centre and in the Punjab. In the Firozpur
District, the Congress Party captured all the seats in the Lok Sabha elections
held in 1957, 1962, 1971 and 1980. Likewise, in the Punjab Vidhan Sabha
elections, it won3seats each time in 1951-52 and 1967, 4 and 5 seats in 1969
and 1972 out of 8 seats, 5 and 1 in 1957 and 1962 out of 6 seats, 4 and 6 in
1977 and 1980 out of 9 seats.
There is a District Committee at
Firozpur, and the City Congress Committees in the different towns in the
District.
Communist Party of India :-
Among the opposition parties, the Communist Party of Indo has the
longest record of existence. It was founded in 1924. The results of the first
General Elections, 1951-52, unmistakably brought out the Communist Party of
India as a political party with considerable backing. It further improved its
position parties in the country. This party never captured any seat to the Lok
Sabha in the Firozpur District.
However, it won 2 seats to the elections of the Punjab Vidhan Sabha held in
1962 out of seats, 1 in 1967 and 1972 out of 8 seats, 2 in 1977 and 1 in 1980
out of 9 seats.
Communist Party of India
(Marxist) :- The Government Party is
represented in the Lok Sabha, Rajya Sabha and the Punjab vidhan Sabha. The
structure of the Party is the branch in the factory, other establishments and
villages, with the local or town committee above it, then the Taluk Committee,
the District Committee, State Committee and the Central Committee. This party
never won any seat in the District.
Samyukta Socialist/Praja
Socialist Party :-the socialist parties trace their origin to the
Congress Socialist Party (C.S.P.) which came into existence in 1934 as a
radical group within the Indian
National Congress. After the achievement of Independence in 1947, the position of the C.SP. as a party within
the Indian National Congress having become somewhat anomalous, it reconstituted
itself as in independent political force in 1948.
The history of the socialist parties of India is a history of mergers
and splits. In 1952, the Socialist Party and the Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party (K.M.P.P)
unified themselves to form the Praja Socialist Party (P.S.P). In 1955, there
was a split in the P.S.P which led to
the separate formation of the Socialist Party. Again in 1964, both the parties
merged to form the Samukta Socialist Party (S.S.P) . This unity was also
short-lived and, in 1965, the members of the former P.S.P. separate themselves
from the S.S.P. Since then, both the Samyukta Socialist Party (S.S.P) and the
Praja Socialist Party (P.S.P have retained
their separate entities.
Republican Party of India :-
This party is a reorganized form of the Scheduled Castes Federation,
established by Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, to be in opposition to the Congress and caste
Hindus. It aims at safeguarding the interests of the Scheduled Castes and the
Backward Classes.
The Republican Party
of Indian is divided into two groups, viz. the Republican Party of India and the Republican Party of India
(Ambedkar Group).
Swantantra Party :- Among
the rightist groups, the Swantantra and Jan Sang developed as important parties
during the Fourth General Elections in 1967.
Bhartiya Jan Sangh : The branch of this all-India party was
established in the District in 1951. It has its local branches in urban as well
as in rural areas, but enjoys comparatively more influence in the former. The
Bhartiya Jan Sangh stands for the maintenance of the Indian traditions, culture
and heritage . This party never captured any seat to the Lok Sabha from the
Firozpur District. It won 1 seat in 1957 and 2 seats in 1962 out of 6 seats, 1
seat in 1962 and 2 seat in 1969 out of 8 Punjab Vidhan Sabha seats in the
general and mid-term election.
Janatay Party :- In the beginning, the Jata Party was merely a
State party and came forward to take party and came forward to take part in the
Punjab Vidhan Sabha midterm elections, held in 1969. At the Central level, it
came into being when the bloc of four
opposition parties, viz. Congress (O), the Bhartiya Lok Dal, the Jan Sangh and
the Socialist Party, merged with the Janata Party. It jointly contested the
Sixth Lok Sabha General Elections, held in March 1977. Its candidate has never captured any seat in the Lok Sabha
elections held in the Firozpur District. However, the Janta Party won on seat
each in the Vidhan Sabha election, held in 1969, 1977 and 1980.
State Parties
From among these, mention may be made only of the following
Shiromani Akali Dal :-
Founded in 1920, the Shiromani Akali Dal launched the Gurdwara Reform
Movement during 1920-25. After successfully liberating the gurudwaras from the
mahants, this religious body assumed the political role as representative body
of the Sikhs and participated in the country’s freedom struggle. In 1967, it
emerged as the second major party in the State and the strongest party in the
United Front Government in the Punjab. In March 1969, it formed its own
Government, which continued up to June 1971, and 1977, the Dal, with the
support of Janata Party, formed a coalition government which lasted up to 25
April 1980. In the Firozpur District, this party captured 2 seats out of 3
seats in 1951-52, 1 seat out of 2 seats in 1967 and all seats in 1977 in the
Lok Sabha Elections. In the Punjab Vidhan Elections, generally, this party has
been winning 25 to 33 per cent of the seats.
The position of the
different parties in the Lok Sabha and the Punjab Vidhan Sabha on the basis of
the general elections held from time to time, is given in the following
statement.
|
Year
Year |
|||||||||||||||
|
Name
of party |
General
Election 1951-52 |
General
Election 1957 |
General
Election 1962 |
General
Election 1967- |
General
Election 1971 |
General
Election 1977 |
General
(M.T.) 1980 |
General
Election 1951-52 |
General
Election 1957 |
General
Election 1962 |
General
Election 1967 |
General
Election 1969 |
General
Election 1972 |
General
Election 1977 |
General
Election 1980 |
|
All India Party |
3 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
-- |
1 |
3 |
5 |
1 |
3 |
4 |
5 |
4 |
6 |
|
Indian National Congress |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
- |
1 |
-- |
1 |
2 |
1 |
|
Communist Party of India |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
|
Communist Party of India
(Marxist) |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
|
Praja Socialist Party |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
|
Republican party of India |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
|
Swantantra Party |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
|
Bhartiya Jan Sangh |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
1 |
2 |
1 |
2 |
-- |
- |
-- |
|
Janty Party |
-- |
- |
- |
- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
- |
1 |
-- |
1 |
|
|
State
Parties |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shiromani Akail Dal |
2 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
2 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
1 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
|
Shiromani Akali Dal (Sant
Group) |
-- |
-- |
-- |
1 |
-- |
1 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
2 |
-- |
- |
-- |
-- |
|
Shiromani Akali
Dal (Master Group) |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
|
Independents including
unrecognized parties |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
3 |
-- |
1 |
1 |
-- |
-- |
-- |
-- |
|
Total |
3 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
8 |
6 |
6 |
8 |
8 |
8 |
9 |
9 |
(e) Newspapers
and Periodicals
If
not of foremost importance, at least of great importance, is the fourth estate,
as it is popularly called, viz. newspapers and periodicals. This agency
educates public opinion and enriches public life. The press takes a leading
initiative in creating political consciousness and expressing freely and
sympathetically the grievances of the common man. It is, in fact, a powerful
agency for revealing public opinion.
Newspapers and Periodicals
Published in the District and Their Importance
The
history of the growth of journalism in the District is a chequered one. A
Pubjabi periodical, viz. Punjabi Bhain, was being published about the middle of
the second decade of the present century. A Urdu paper, viz. Danda Weekly,
edited and published by Behari Lal Dewana, a veteran Congressite of the
District, was published from Firozpur in 1928. Its publication was stopped by
the British Government and Dewana was sentenced to six months’ rigorous
imprisonment. On his release, he started another Urdu weekly, Daur-i-Jadid in
1929, along with the Danda Weekly. Both these papers, however, died as no press
was prepared to undertake their publication on account of their nationalistic
views. Shri Dewana brought out another paper, viz. Yamdood Weekly, in 1933.
Another weekly, Bijli, was started by Master Hari Krishan Das in 1929. Its
publication also ceased in 1932 on the imprisonment of its editor. But he
started another paper, Nishat Weekly in 1938. Still another paper, Mustar, was
started by Khalil Dehliv. though stopped soon after, yet it resumed publication
under the new name, Shaula. In order to avoid the wrath of the British
Government, the above-mentioned Behari Lal-Dewana started another paper, Salar
Weekly, in 1936, under the assumed editorship of Muhammad Din. it continued
publication up to the death of Muhammad Din in about 1940. During that period, another
paper Paigham, as started and it served as the spokesman of the Shia Muslims.
Muhammad Yasin Bat started Daily Waqt from Firozpur in 1936 and continued its
publication up to the partition of the country in 1947. Behari Lal Dewana again
started two more weeklies Janta in 1946 and Selab in 1947 but both of them
stopped publication owing to one reason or another. In 1951, he started
Chingari Weekly which continues to be published from Firozpur. There is no
daily newspaper published in the District.
The particular with respect to the
newspapers and periodicals, Published in the District, are given below :
Newspapers and
Periodicals Published in Firozpur District
|
Sr . No. |
Name of Newspaper/periodical |
Place of
publication |
Year when stared |
Language |
||||
|
|
||||||||
|
1. |
Moti |
Fazlika |
1960 |
Urdu |
||||
|
2 |
Yug-Marg |
Abohar |
1972 |
Hindi |
||||
|
3 |
Mazdoor Hitkari |
Fazlika |
1972 |
Hindi |
||||
|
4 |
Johri |
Firozpur City |
1967 |
Urdu |
||||
|
5 |
Kisan |
Firozpur City |
1967 |
Urdu |
||||
|
6 |
Khair Khwah
Sarkar Wa Public |
Firozpur City |
1972 |
Urdu |
||||
|
FORTNIGHTLIES |
||||||||
|
7 |
Quammi Ekta |
Firozpur City |
1963 |
Urdu |
||||
|
8 |
Rafi_E-Khalik |
Falika |
1972 |
Urdu |
||||
|
9 |
Taksal |
Firozupr City |
1967 |
Urdu |
||||
|
MONTHLIES |
||||||||
|
10 |
Kamal Wani |
Firozpur
Cantonment |
1973 |
Hindi |
||||
|
11 |
Anmol Beopar |
Firozpur
Cantonment |
1973 |
Hindi |
||||
|
12 |
Thos Awaz |
Firozpur
Cantonment |
1970 |
Hinid |
||||
|
13 |
Jagjit |
Firozpur
Cantonment |
1964 |
Urdu/Punjabi |
||||
|
14. |
Sadai Freedom |
Firozpur City |
1975 |
Urdu |
||||
|
15 |
Fountain |
Fazlika |
1941 |
English/
HindiUrdu and Punjabi |
||||
|
16 |
Ram Sukh Dass |
Firozpur City |
1953 |
English, Hindi
and Punjabi |
||||
|
17 |
Chetak |
Firozpur City |
1961 |
Ditto |
||||
|
18 |
Seemant Joyti |
Abohar |
1962 (1964) |
Hindi-English,Sanskrit
and Punjabi |
||||
|
19 |
Manohar |
Firozpur
Cantonment |
1973 |
Hindi,English and
Punjabi |
||||
|
20 |
Shive Joyti |
Firozpur
Cantonment |
1972 |
Ditto |
||||
|
Sr . No. |
Name of Newspaper/periodical |
Place of
publication |
Language |
Periodicity |
|||
|
NEWS PAPERS |
|||||||
|
1 |
The Tribune |
Chandigarh |
English |
Daily |
|||
|
2 |
Indian Express |
Do |
Do |
Do |
|||
|
3 |
The Hindostan
Times |
New Delhi |
Do |
Do |
|||
|
4 |
The Times of
India |
Do |
Do |
Do |
|||
|
5 |
The States man |
Do |
Do |
Do |
|||
|
6 |
National Herald |
Do |
Do |
Do |
|||
|
7 |
Hindi Milap |
Jalandhar |
Hindi |
Do |
|||
|
8 |
Punjab Kesari |
Do |
Do |
Do |
|||
|
9 |
Veer Partap |
Do |
Do |
Do |
|||
|
10 |
Dainik Tribune |
Chandigarh |
Do |
Do |
|||
|
11. |
Nav Bharat
Times |
Delhi |
Do |
Do |
|||
|
12. |
Punjabi Tribune |
Chandigarh |
Punjabi |
Do |
|||
|
13 |
Ajit |
Jalandhar |
Do |
Do |
|||
|
14 |
Akali Patrika |
Do |
Do |
Do |
|||
|
15 |
Nawan Jamana |
Do |
Do |
Do |
|||
|
16 |
Lok Lehar |
Do |
Do |
Do |
|||
|
17 |
Jag Bani |
Do |
Do |
Do |
|||
|
18 |
Ranjit |
Patiala |
Do |
Do |
|||
|
19 |
Chardi Kalan |
Do |
Do |
Do |
|||
|
20 |
Hind Samachar |
Jalandhar |
Urdu |
Do |
|||
|
21 |
Milap |
Do |
Do |
Do |
|||
|
22. |
Partap |
Do |
Do |
Do |
|||
|
PERIODICAL |
|||||||
|
1 |
Illustrated
Weekly of Indian |
Bombay |
English |
Weekly |
|||
|
2 |
Film Fair |
Do |
Do |
Fortnightly |
|||
|
3. |
Femina |
Do |
Do |
Do |
|||
|
4 |
Blitz |
Do |
Do |
Weekly |
|||
|
5 |
Mirror |
Do |
Do |
Monthly |
|||
|
6 |
Sports Week |
Do |
Do |
Weekly |
|||
|
Sr . No. |
Name of Newspaper/periodical |
Place of
publication |
Language |
Periodicity |
|
7 |
Bhiwani Journal |
Bombay |
English |
Weekly |
|
8 |
Readers Disgest |
Do |
Do |
Monthly |
|
9 |
Science Today |
Do |
Do |
Do |
|
10 |
Dharm Yug |
Do |
Hindi |
Weekly |
|
11. |
Inder Jal
Komics |
Do |
Do |
Do |
|
12 |
Navneet |
Do |
Do |
Monthly |
|
13 |
Link |
New Delhi |
English |
Weekly |
|
14 |
Employment News |
Do |
Do |
Do |
|
15 |
Surya |
Do |
Do |
Monthly |
|
16 |
Carvan |
Delhi |
Do |
Fortnight |
|
17 |
India Today |
Do |
Do |
Do |
|
18 |
Competition
Success Review |
Do |
Do |
Monthly |
|
19 |
Science
Reporter |
Do |
Do |
Do |
|
20 |
Sarita |
New Delhi |
Hindi |
Fortnightly |
|
21 |
Shushma |
Do |
Do |
Do |
|
22. |
Lot Pot |
Do |
Do |
Weekly |
|
23 |
Maya Puri |
Do |
Do |
Do |
|
24 |
Nandan |
Delhi |
Do |
Monthly |
|
25 |
Champic |
New Delhi |
Do |
Do |
|
26 |
Manhorma |
Do |
Do |
Do |
|
27 |
Prag |
Delhi |
Do |
Monthly |
|
28 |
Aarsi |
Do |
Punjabi |
Do |
|
29 |
Akkis |
Do |
Do |
Do |
|
30 |
Suchitra Kaumt
Eketa |
Do |
Do |
Do |
|
31 |
Neel Mani |
Do |
Do |
Do |
|
32 |
Shama |
Do |
Urdu |
Monthly |
|
33 |
Beeswim Sadi |
New Delhi |
Do |
Do |
|
34 |
Art of Living |
Amritsar |
English |
Do |
|
35 |
Preet Lari |
Amritsar |
Punjabi |
Do |
|
36 |
Bal Sandesh |
Do |
Do |
Do |
|
37 |
Tasveer |
Jalandhar |
Do |
Do |
|
Sr . No. |
Name of Newpaper/periodical |
Place of
publication |
Language |
Periodicity |
|
38 |
The Competition
Master |
Chandigarh |
English |
Do |
|
39 |
Jagriti |
Do |
Punjabi |
Do |
|
40 |
Current Topics |
Ambala
Cantonment |
English |
Do |
|
41 |
Vivekanad
Kendra Patriaka |
Madras |
Do |
Biannually |
|
42 |
Chanda Mama |
Do |
Hindi, Punjabi
etc |
Monthly |
|
43 |
Sunday |
Calcutta |
English |
Weekly |
|
44 |
Sikh Review |
Do |
Do |
Monthly |
|
45 |
Punjabi Duniya |
Patiala |
Punjabi |
Do |
|
46 |
Jan Sahit |
Do |
Do |
Do |
|
47 |
Sahit Samachar |
Ludhiana |
Do |
Do |
|
48 |
Changi Kheti |
Ludhiana (PAU) |
Do |
Do |
|
49 |
Kahani |
Alahabad |
Hindi |
Do |
|
50 |
Kalian |
Gorkhpur (UP) |
Do |
Do |
|
51 |
Swasth or Jiwan |
Puna |
Do |
Do |
|
52 |
Vishaw Joyti |
Hoshiarpur |
Do |
Do |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(d) Voluntary Social Service Organization
The humanitarian
urge to organize voluntary associations serving a social purpose is a universal
feature. Social service in the past was voluntary and not organized in the
modern sense of the term, functioning through separate organizations and
institutions established for specific purposes. It was spontaneous and made
available by the chiefs and well-to do persons to meet the exigencies of the
time and the needs of the people. This particularly happened during the time of calamities, such as famine or
scarcity.
Voluntary
social service organized by concerted public efforts is a recent phenomenon,
closely associated with the democratic form of government, promising equal
status and opportunities to all sections of society. The field to social
service is one where State efforts must be supplemented by close an intensive
public co-operation to ensure quick
results in the working of various schemes sponsored by the government.
The welfare of the handicapped and disadvantaged sections of society, such as
women, children, illiterates, the sick and disabled persons, and the members of
the backward classes of society, has been engaging the attention of the State
and the people to a great extent in recent times.
This
natural urge to organize voluntary associations to meet the needs of social and
cultural uplift of the people has found greater scope and expression after
Independence as a result of popular awakening and encouragement from the State
in various fields of public activity. In the Firozpur District there are a number
of voluntary institutions serving the
social needs off the people in a number of ways. These institutions not only
complement and supplement governmental
effort in many fields, but also cover fields of ameliorative service which
the Government may not be in a position
to cover. These institutions have played an important part in the educational,
social and cultural development of the District. Many of them were pioneers in
particular spheres of social activity,
and, on account of their constant and commendable service, some of them have
won recognition from the Government and have received assistance and guidance
from it.
The
existence of such voluntary social service organizations gives a richness to
the institutional life which mere governmental action can never impart. The
Government have increasingly recognized this aspect and have encouraged and
utilized the agency of these institutions for the greater effectiveness of
their own efforts. Thus State and voluntary organizations have been playing a
mutually helpful role in the development of the District.
The voluntary social-service organizations in the District are
mentioned below:
(ii) District Council for
the Welfare of the Handicapped Firozpur
The
Council runs the Home for the Blind at Firozpur. Started in April 1956, the
Home has developed into an institute. Its main objects are the welfare, uplift
and rehabilitation of the blind.
The
admission to the Home is open to the blind in the age-group of 6 to 16 years.
The existing number of the inmates is 45. During the training period, they are
provided with everything free of cost, viz.
training, board and lodging, clothing, equipment, medicines, raw
materials and welfare amenities.
The Home is affiliated to the National Association for the Blind,
Bombay, and the Indian Red Cross Society (District Branch), Firozpur. It gives training to the inmates
in different crafts, viz. caning of chairs, making of cycle baskets and other
baskets, candle-making, soap-making chick-making, stringing of charpoys, and
weaving. The Home has also arrangements for academic education through the
Bhartiya braille scrip. Arrangements have also been made for higher
education. Besides, the Home has started
courses in Music (Vocal and Instrumental)
which prepare the trainees for the examinations of the Prayag Sangit Samiti and
the Paracheen Kala, Chandigarh.
For the rehabilitation of the inmates, the management have provided the trained blind with work by expanding the existing workshop. The workers are paid wages according the existing workshop. The workers are paid wages according to market rates and are provided with free board, lodging, clothing, etc.