12.       Palwal paragraph 29. - Should the Settlement Officer think it advisable to introduce into any portion of the tract under assessment a system of fluctuating land revenue he should before making his proposals consider the system which has been gradually evolved after long experience in the West Punjab. If he thinks it necessary in the case of a fixed assessment to propose rule for the reduction of assessment in the case of the spread of reh or waterlogging or submersion of land he will find suggested rules in paragraph 32 of the Palwal Review and paragraph 33 of the Nuh - Ferozepore Review.

13.       Gohana, pragraph 40. - Nuh Ferozepore paragaph 36. Panipat paragraph 25. - At the end of his assessment report the Settlement Officer should be give a statement showing clearly the results of his proposals for each circle and for the whol tashsil for both fixed and fluctuating charges (including all canal charges) and how they compare with present realizations and with his half net assets estimate. He should also estimate what proportion of the value of the gross produce his proposed assessment will absorb and how it compares with the fraction absorbed by the assessment at the preveous settlement.

14.       When the Settlement Officer receives orders on his assessment report and proceeds to distribute the fixed assessment sanctioned by the Government over the vilages using as his guide the rates-sanctioned by Government he should aim at making the total assessment of the circle i.e. the sum of the village assessments as nearly as possible equal to the sanctioned figure and although he will have the usual margin of 3 percent he must not deliberately assesses the circle above or below the amount fixed by Government. He should endeavour to make every village pay approximately its fair share of the total demand for the circle but where that share gives small enhancement he should remember that the sanctioned rates are below the true half-renting value, and that he may fairly go well above the new assessment of the village gives a smaller enchancement than is being taken from the circle as a whole. He should not reduce the existing assessment of a village should usually be fixed in a multiple of Rs, 25 Rs. 50 or in the case of large sums, Rs. 100. In making his distribution over villages he should use not only the sanctioned soil rates but the rates on average harvested area mentioned in paragraph 10 above as they automatically call attention to the extant to which the cropping are very great they really give a more trustworthy guide to the distribution on the assessment over villages than soil ; rates do., Even where no rates has been sanctioned for the culturable waste the Settlement Officer should allow for any large areas as it is only fair that a village which has a considerable area of good land under grass and trees should pay more than one that has none. All through in main this distribution he should remember that it is now a case between one village and another and that if, he makes one village pay less than its fair share of the total assessment fixed for the circle the other village will have to make up the difference.

15.       Palwal, paragraph 24. - As regard deferring a portion of the enhancement in villages in which it would be unduly sudden to impose the full assessment at once, the Settlement Officer should bear in mind that in canal-irrigated villages the enchancement as it will be felt by the people will be enchancement in the total realizations made by Government including the canal charges. And that so far as the canal charges are fluctuating it is at the option of the cultivators to determine what the enhancement in canal realizations will actually be. Usually except where there has been any extraordinary change in the condition of a circle such as the opening of a new canal which has let to a great extension of cultivation or where a large proportion of the new assessment will be deferred on protective leases when the enhancement of the fixed demand on any village exceeds 33 percent by any considerable amount the amount exceeding that percentage should be deferred for five years. If it much exceeds 66 percent a further sum should be deferred for another five years. The final demand should be announced and distributed over the holdings and the five years' reduction be given by temporarily reducing the demand on each holding by so many annas in the rupee. The Settlement Officer should use this power so as to ensure that after five or ten years each village will be paying approximately its fair share of the total assessment sanctioned for the circle.

Note - It must be remembered that one-quarter and nopt one half of the net assets is the maximum land revenue that can be taken under the Land Revenue Amendment Act of 1928.

 

APPENDIX XXI

(SETTLEMENT MANUAL PARAGRAPH 222)

Instructions for bringing up to dateat resettlement the field map of the previous settlement without recourse to remeasurement.

PREPARATORY

            All districts inthe Punjab have now been repeatedly settled and have been furnished with village field maps which in many districts have been prepared on the square system of survey (Chapter VI and VII of the Mesuration manual) and in some others have been found not to be inferior in accuracy even to the maps of the square system. The records of rights based on these maps have been maintained since 1887 onthe system then introduced alongwith the Land Revenue Act. The first thing a Settlement Officer now has to consider therefoire is to what extent he can for his special revision of the records of rights. Utilize the existing maps and records without resorting to resurveyed. in deciding that question he should remember that what is required is to give the people a map and record sufficiently accurate for their needs. These needs may be summed up as (1) avoidance of disputes and a means of deciding them promplty when they do arise and (2) a fair distribution of the land revenue over the holdings of each village.

THE CHOICE BETWEEN REMEASUREMENT AND REVISWION

2.         The settlement must begin with an examination of the existing maps i.e. the map of each estate forming part of the record of rights under section 31 (2) (c). Land Revenue Act to enable the Settlement Officer to decide whether by revision that can be made sufficient for these purposes. This examination should be directed to the points enumerated below. It should be made by the patwari in the first instance and carefully checked by the kanungo and naib-tahsildar within the village concerned :-

            (1)        Whether the exiting map suffices for an accurate girdawari to be made or whether owing to its general inaccuracy or to nautor new numbers partitions and the like such a girdawari is difficult and unsatisfactory.

            (2)        Whether the fiedls of the old shajra agree fairly well in shape and in position with existing circumsatnces. This can best be tested by lines (farzi water) being chained between fixed recognizable points such as trijunctions wells, boundary pillars, and angles or roads. In a small village one of about 200 karams in length will suffice but in large villages possibly as many as six may be necessary unless the first once the old map to the quite unreliable. Discrepancies up to 2 percent may be neglected. A few fields too should be checked by their sides being measured. The correctness of a map is much more certainly determined by means of checking corners of fields and other fixed recognizable points than by merely seeing whether the cuttings of the diagonals are at the same distances as at settlement. If the cuttings have changes this probably only means that fields have been divided up or combined and these give little trouble to correct but if the position of permanent corners or other features which existed at settlement when what it is by scale on the map, this means that the old map is incorrect and correction will be very dificult. It is very important that when the tests prescribed in this sub-paragraph are being applied (they will usually be unnecessary if the field map was made ont he square system of survey) the map which is being tested should be referred to on the spot.

(3)        A special classification should be made of the fields of the village. Each field which on the ground is apparently of the same size and shape as at settlement, and which has recognizable permanent boundaries will be marked either A or B in the khasra girdawari according as it will be necessary (A) to leave the field as it is or (b) to include it with other adjacent fields in one new khasra number.[1] Each filed which will have to be divided into several fields owing to nautor or partition or in which there has been any obvious change will be marked (c) if the original boundaries of the field are clearly traceable and continue to be in part of whole the boundaries of the new field and (d) if the original boundaries are now unrecognizable or if the new boundaries differ so much from the old that the latter will have to be erased inthe map. The number of fields coming under each head will be totalled and ordinarily remeasurement should not be necessary if class (D) does not contain more than 20 percent of the whole, and, even if it contains more than 20 percent, remeasurement may not necessary see paragraph 6 below. This classification can generally be made by means of an examination in the patwaris map of the fields shown as in and Bata in the khasra girdawari and in the last jamabandi but if a more minute examintion is found to be necessary in any village it can be combined with the kharif or rabi girdawari.

3. -       The patwari if he has previous knowledge of the village and if not the kanungo will record a note which he will submit to the naib-tahsildar showing the result of the application of the above tests and giving his reasons for considering that correction of the map is or is not sufficient. In this note he will mention the condition of the tahsil copy of the field map see paragraph 9 below. The patwari or kanungo's work must be closely supervised by the kanungo or naib-tahsildar and must be checked or the spot to an extent that should not ordinarily cover less than 20 percent of the work. The headman and leading villagers should be consulted. As to whether they have found the map of any part of the village inaccurate and especially whether there are any disputes regarding the boundaries of fields and their cause. Great care must be taken that no mistake is made as to the possibility of correction for on the one hand there is no greater waste of time than to discover after several weeks work at correction that remeasurement is after all necessary and on the other it involves unnecessary expense and delay and trouble to the people to remeasure where correction whould have been sufficient. The naib-tahsildar will after checking the kanungo's work sent on his report with his own opinion to the Tahsildar.

4.         The file on reaching the tahsildar will be examined by him and if he is satisfied that map revision will suffice he will issue an order at once to the naib-tahsildar to that effect and he will send the file through the Extra Assitant Settlemtn Officer to the Settlement Officer who will either confirm the decision or if he diagrees will issue orders for remeasurement.

5.         If the tahsildar is of opinion that a village should be remeasured, he should submit the reports of the naib-thasildar and kanungo, through the Extra Assistant Settlement Officer, to the Settlement Officer, without whose previous sanction remeasurement should not be commenced. Remeasurement should generally be recommended.

            (a)        fi the fields placed in class D constitute more than 15 percent of the total number, or

            (b)        if the internal measurement alone are so very far wrong as to make correction difficult.

            It is not generally necessary to remeasure a village simply because the boundaries shown inthe map do not tally with the boundaries as shown in the maps of adjacent villages. Also there are case in which remeasurement may be dispensed with, even if the fields in class D number more than 15 percent of the whole, e.g., if they are all within a ring fence, and have been formed by partition or by the breaking up of the waste, it may be possible to show them the revised field map by correction without remeasurement. All such matters should be noticed by the kanungos and by the naib-tahsildar in their reports.

6. -       The general rule for deciding which course should be followed is that the map of last settlement should be accepted if possible. If the scale on which the map for a particular village was made was inconveniently small, the old map can be brough up to date on the old scale and a copy of it enlarged by scale or pamlagraph for the patwari's use in girdwari. This enlarged map will be sufficiently accurate for gidwari purposes, and the patwari can be given for other purposes on exact copyof the revised small-sclae map. it is not necessary to remap a whole village because in part of it land had been broken up for cultivation or a partition had taken place. In such cases, such remaping as is necessary should be confined to the part of the village affected and should be incorporated in the amended field map of the village by inclusion in it os the new sheets in original, if possible, bu totherwise by coping. Similarly, if the internal details of the old map are wrong only in respect of a distinct portion of the estate, that portion alone need be remeasured.

7.         The files of these inquiries willbe kept in the tahsil officer and will be destroyed after the final attestation by the tahsildar at the village, the tahsildar will keep a register of these, showing -

            (1)        Name of assessment circle ;

            (2)        Name of village ;

            (3)        Note of method of survey adopted (tarika paimash), and

            (4)        Date of Settlement Officer's order.

8.         It is usual to draft gradually to a district, furring the six months before, it is placed under settlement, the settlement officials who become available from settlement nearing completion in order that the Settlement Officer may find establihsment ready to start work with immediately the settlement beings. The examination of maps prescribed in the preceding paragraphs will be commenced by this establishment in order to expedite the commencement of field work after the Settlement Officer has joined his appoinement. They should also attest as many old jamabandis as possible in order to bring mutations to light, and they should ascertain what trijunction pillars and other survey marks require to be replaced or repaired.

 

METHOD OF REVISION

9.         In the villages in which remeasurment is necessary (and in riverain tracts remeasurement will often be necessary), the survey will be carried out on which ever of the systems prescribed in Chapters VI and X of the Menstruction Manual is the more suitable. For the other villages, which will generallly be the majority, the nest thing to settlement map shall be utilized for work in the field, or whether a copy shall be especially made for this purpose. Exisitng copies which have in some settlement been utilized are -

            (1)        the tahsil copy (part tahsil) of the settlement shajra ; and

            (2)        the copy of cloth (latha) used by the patwari in the gridwari.

            The former is sometimes on cloth, sometimes on paper and sometimes on mapping sheets, and it is generally soiled, scratched or torn to such a degree as to be unsuitable for such use. The second man, i.e., the patwari's gridwari latha copy, is as a rule, even more unsuitable, and the use of either for the purpose of map correction is open to the objection that all amendments have to be made by crossing out blackline ups with red ink and drawing new lines with the same, and that consequently a fresh copy of the map has to be prepared to be the revised field map. The Financial Commissioner, therefore, has forbidden the use of such copies for the purpose of map correction, and has directed that a special copy should be made for the purpose ; and it will expedite and simplify work to have the special copies for field use made at the same time and by the same process at headquarters for all the villages in the district. An establishment of the naib-tahsildar, two kanungos and 20 patwaris or temporary hands to do the actual tracing will probably be found sufficient.

10.       The copies of the settlement maps made of rifled use may be either :-

            (1)        traced on tracing cloth, which may be either (a) in one large roll or sheet, compromising the whole map, or (b) divided into portions of convenient size for placing on a drawing-board or plane-table e.g., square sheets each containing 4 or 16 survey squares ;

            (2)        traced on clothes (latha) ;

            (3)        traced on mapping sheets by means of a frame placed in the doorway of a dark room ;

            (4)        transferred to mapping sheets by black or blue carbon paper ; or

            (5)        transferred to mapping sheets by means of an intermediate tracing on transparent paper.

            Of these processes, that which in the shortest time gives the most accurate copy of the settlment map, and at the same time, the most suitable for work in the field, is the fourth, and it is accordingly prescribed for general use, and no other process may be made use of without the special sanction of the Financial Commissioner. Cloth maps are liable to stretch are easily blotted, and do not readily take pencil lines. Large rolls of tracing cloth are too unwieldy for use in the field. And tracing cloth is liable to stretch in damp weather, and is not so suitable as mapping paper for pencil work. Tracing by means of carbon paper is easier than through a frame, and gives equally reliable results. Where the old field maps are unbacked paper, or are worn or faced, it is advisable to lay oiled paper over them while the trace is being taken as otherwise the bone tracing pens is liable to tear themap.

11.       In the special copy of the map of last settlement which is made for field work all the field boundaries, fields numbers, karkun and other entries should be in pencil and it will be convenient to use English figures for the field numbers and Arabic numbers for the karkum. When corrections are made, the altered boundaries can then be rubbed out while the new boundaries should be inked in after the kanungo's inspection as is done in measurment on the square system. When work in the field is finished, the map is fit to be filled as the part sirkar of the new settlement field map, and all that is necessary is to make from it a copy for the tahsil (par tahsil). This copy may be on mapping sheets or on tracing cloth in the discretion of the Settlement Officer.

12.       ORdinarily, when the copy of the map for use in the filed has been made, or while it is being traced at the sadr work should begin with the preparation of the khataunis and shajra nasb in the manner prescibed paragraphs 1 and 2 of Appendix VII. But in small estates or in estates in which the proportion of the fields that have undergone change is small (e.g., if the number of fields placed in classes B, C and D is under 10 percent), the Settlement Officer may dispense with the preparations of khataunis. In that case, the new jamabandi will, after completion of the filed work described in the following paragraphs, be prepared from the old in the same manner as a quadrennial jamabandi is prepared from the previous jamabandi, that is to say, the patwari will draft his new khata entries in pencil either on the old jamabanid or an intermediate rough note. It is important that the pencil draft, or whatever the Settlement Officer may prescribe in its plane should be preserved until the new jamabandi has been checked by the supervising officers, so that they may be able to refer to it if necessary. When this system is adopted, parchas (paragraph 2, Appendix VII) should be distributed as the patwari has written out the jhamabandi so that objection may hve an opportunity of addressing the kanungo, naib tahsildar before final alteration takes, place. (Although discretion is thus allowed to Settlement Officers to dispense with the preparation of khataunis in certain classes of villages, the system so far as it has been tried has not found favour with most of the officers who have tested it).

12-A. -            After the khataunis have been prepared, or if they are dispensed with as soon he is supplied with a trce of the settlement filled map, the patwari will proceed to the work of correction. He will have with him (1) the copy of the former map which has been supplied to him for field work, (2) a bard on which he can place the map when he makes the necessary alterations in it., (3) his gridawari map also, (4) the villages papers, including the khasra gridawari in which at the preliminary examintion of the maps the fields were classified A, B, C and D [(Paragraph 2(4) above and (5)], his cross-staff, chain and flags. He will commence work at the point from which the old numbering of the fields commences, whether it is the north-west corner of the village or not and he will, except in the cases indicated below, take the fields in the order of that numbering. But in his own work he will give a new series of numbers to the fields, each of the fields shown in the field book being given a separate number, and none being shows as "shikast" of a certain old number, i.e., the procedure of the note to column 1 of the khasra girdawari in Standing Order No. 22 will nto be followed.

13.       The order of the field numbers should be that which it is most convenient for the patwari to follow at his girdawari, and in most cases it will generally be found best to follow the order of the old numbers. When an old number is broken up ihnto two or more, care should be taken to number the parts of the old field in such a way that the sequence of the fields on the ground shall conform to the above principle and be as regular as possible, and that two consecutive field numbers shall not be at a distance from one another. Again, it is very necessary to ascertain  when measuring one field whether the adjoining field is owned and cultivated by the same persons as the field under measurement, for if it is so, then both fields should probably be measured in one number. Whatever the old khasra numbers were, the fact that the sequence of the fields will be spoiled is no reason against clubbing fields which ought to be clubbed. When a new canal distributary, or railway, or road has been made thorough a village since settlement, it is usually best to measure all the fields on one side of the canal, etc. first, and then cross over to the other side. When this is done, care must be taken not to omit any field in the process of correction, and fields watered from the same well should generally have consecutive numbers, even when they are separated by a road.

14.       The patwari will work through the fields of the village in the above order, and in regard to each field as he comes to it, will first see how it has been classified inthe preliminary examination - paragraph 2(4) above. If it has been classed. As A, and he is satisfied by his eye that no alterations have occurred since settlement, he will not measure the sides unless the owner for special reasons asks him to do so, but will repeat in the map the previous karukan, and will enter in the field book the old area, with the word badastur, in place of the details of area calculation. If the field has been classed as B, i.e., has to be clubbed with others, but is otherwise unchanged, he will similarly repeat in the map the previons karukan (eliminating fractions, if any, by taking the nearest whole number), without recharing, while inthe area column he will show the old area of each old field number, treating it as if it were a gosha of the new one, though it will not be marked by a dotted line as a gosha in the maps, and he will total these areas in order to get the area of the new field number. In special cases, e.g., where the extraction of areas at the previous settlment is known to have been seriously defective, though the maps are accurate, the Settlement Officer may direct that the areas of the A and B fields shall be taken out afresh. If the fields is classified as C or D, i.e., has been divided up or has its boundaries altered and it is necessary to remeasure it or a portion of it, the patwari should proceed as directed in the Measurement Manual ; that is, he should find two or three fixed points on the boundary of the fields or of the neighbouring fields which are correctly shown in the old map, chain the distances between them, fix the corner of the new field with the help of the cross staff, if necessary and draw them in the map by scale with pencil. The new karukan will be entered in the map and the area will be taken out by patwari in the field book on the system (lampet or diagonal and perpendicular) on which area were taken out when the original map was made. When the area is calculated by diagonal and perpendicular, these should be chained on the spot ; this is particularly necessary in the case of maps which were not prepared on the square system. Where the area to be measured is large, it may be necessary to lay one or two squares or to fix one or two triangles, but his should not be done without the sanction of the naib-tahsildar, who should report to the Tahsildar that he has given this sanction.

15.       The procedure for measuring the fields classed as C may sometimes have to be adopted, in regard to those classed as A or B e.g., where over large areas of waste or fallow there are no permanent field boundaries, and the zamindars wish their boundaries to be pointed out.

16.       In each case, whether the fields is A, or B, or C, or D, new class of soil has to be entered in the field book. If the new class differs from the class entered inthe last settlement record (misl hanquiyat), then the new soil should be entered in red ink, and the kanungo should initial the entry, or any alteration he may make on it as a sign, that he has checked it on the spot. Any superior officer, naib-tahsildar. Extra Assistant Settlement Officer, or Settlement Office who checks or alters the entry should also initial the entry or alteration. This procedure enables the fard tabdil iksam arasi to be diupensed with. In the khataunis and parchas the soil entries should be made in black ink.

17.       In each case also the patwari will enter up the new field number in pencil in the map, and enter the field in the khatauni and the zamindar's parcha, nothing in each its area and class of soil.

18.       If in checking a field the patwari finds that an old field boundary no longer exists on the ground, and is not longer a division between plots held in different rights, he will draw a wavy pencil line through it, and it will then, after the kanungos' inspection, be erased with India-rubber.

19.       When there as been any small alteration of field boundaries, and there is a permanent boundary on the ground, the patwari will show, that as the boundary in his map, and, if there is no permanent boundary, then he will measure by the old map unless the owners agree to his showing the boundary of possession as the true one.

20.       If however, there is a discrepancy between present possession and the old map, and there is a real dispute, between two parties and the area in dispute exceeds one pacca biswa (or 2 marlas) in irrigated land or 3 pacca (or 6 marlas) in other land, then the patwari must measure the disputed area as a separate member.

21.       It will often be found that parts of large waste fields have been brought under cultivation since settlement. The cultivated portion will then have to be measured separately from the banjar need not be worked out separately unless the fields has been classified as C or D. If it has been classified as A or B, the cultivated area as ascertained by measurement should be decducted from the recorded total area and the balance should be shown as the remaining waste.

22.       To guide the colourist who will have to colour the map at headquarters, the patwari will, in the case of such a field, draw a fine in line dividing the waste from the cultivation, and will in addition, make a rough hand-sketch in the last column of the field book. Also for the guidance of the colourist, he will, as field work goes on, prepare the fard rangsazi, or list of field, or colouring purposes. The form explains itself in a great measure.

Fard Ranqsazi

Cultivated

Banjar jadid

Banjar Kadim

Rastah

Nala or paro Johar

Graveyard

 

 

Musvi

A/1

 

 

 

 

74-78

81-86

73

64-69

107

90

 

89

70-72

79

87

108

 

 

91-105

106

80

88

 

 

 

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

 

Musvi

A/2

 

 

 

 

120

121-135

181 min.

181

 

181 min.

 

126-180

 

 

 

 

 

 

x

x

x

x

x

x

x

 

            The heading of colum should be first filled up to correspond with the list of conventional signs (naksha alamat) : for instance -

            (1)        Cultivated,

            (2)        'Banjar Jadid,

            (3)        Banjar kadim, etc., etc.

            Then across the first page will be written "Musavi A/1", after which the fields on that musavi will be entered in their proper columns. The fields on A/2 will be treated in the same way ; after the A musavis are finsihed, the B musavis will be begun, and so on, From this form it will be easy for the rangsaz to do the colouring, as he will colour each class in turn on the musavis, and he will have no excuse for making mistakes, and each colur will be of the same shade throughout. The kanungo should note that, if a field is partly on one musavi and partly on another, it will be entered twice in the fard rangazi, and, where a khasra number comprises two or more classes, its number will be entered as "min" in each column applicable, The fard rangazi can be dispensed with entirely if the patwari preparing the map and field book can be entrusted with the colouring, and, if he is instructed to enter all fields ; including class A, in the field book. Int hat case it is sufficient to have an extra column in the field book in whcih when making the other entries relating to the field the patwari can enter the colour to be given to it. Before field work commences it should be ascertained for each circle whether the patwari is neat enought to be entrusted with his own coluring and to be relieved of the task of preparing the fard rangsai.

23.       When any new water-course has been made since last settlement and is not shown in the old map, it should be marked by the patwari, but need not be given a separate number unless it is the property of someone other than the owner of the field through which it passes. If it does not irrigate the field, this fact should be noted in the khatahni. If a new band, or minor, or railway or road has been made, it should be given a separate number for its entrie length within the estate.

24.       In clubbing fields together, and in deciding, what fields should be classed as B [see paragraph 2 (4) above], the guiding principle is that, if several adjacent fields owned and cultivated by the same person or persons can be combined into the field, which will be of a fairly regular shape, and will not be too large for girdawari purposes, they should be combined into one field, even if they are separated from one another by permanent dauls. But irrigated land, should not be combined with any other kind of land, and, usually, irrigated fields - unless they are of less area then one kacha bigha or 2 karnals - should not be combined together, except when they are usually sown with similar crops inthe same harvest.

25.       Ordinarily an irrigated khasra number should not be more than three kacha bighas in area or 5 kanals ; and a barani khasra number should not be greater than 10 kacha bighas or 2 ghumaons. But imaginary boundaries should not be drawn in order to give effect to this instruction, and, if the area enclosed by the permanent field boundaries is larger than the above, the khasra number should include the whole area enclosed with these boundaries. The area of waste land under one number is to be limited to one square of the map. Patwaries must not make useless numbers merely to increase their karguzari returns.

26.       the field kanungo, who will ordinarily have not more than four patwaris under him when all the engaged in map correction, should see each patwari in his circle at least once in ten days, i.e., three times a month. At each visit he will go through all the work done by the patwari since his last visit. Of every field classed as C. Part at least should be chained by him. He will check all the soil entries, ownership and tenancy entries and the rents. At his check he must see that mistakes are corrected and finally he himself should ink in the shajra the line up to which he has checked, nothing at the same time in the field book, after the number up to which he has checked th work, that all fields up to that number are complete in every respect. If there are any exceptions, they should be specified in the note. The Patwari can than ink in the fields within that line ; and the numbers and measurement figures, unless the kanungo finds that the patwari cannot do such work properly, in which case the kanungo must do it himself. If any correction is made after the fields have been inked in a note drawin attention to it should be made inthe margin by the naib-tahsildar or other officer responsible for it.

27.       The naib-tahsildar should inspect each of his patwaris, at least one a month, and at his inspection should make a sufficient check of all branches of the work to satisfy himself that kanungo's work is accurate. He should pay special attention to entries of ownership, cultivation, rents, and soils. He should check every case in which the soil classification of a field has been altered. if a kanungo has been unable to keep pace with his patwaris in his inpsections, the naib-tahsildar must arrange to give such assitance as may be required, referring to the tahsildar if necessary. The outturn of work in map correction is larger than in remeasurement, and consequently a large supervising staff is necessary, and ordinarily a naib-tahsildar will have not more than four kanungos under him.

28.       The duty of the Tahsildar is to satisfy himself that the check applied by the naib-tahsildar has been sufficient, and that the work in general is progressing properly.

29.       To enable him to judge of the progress made in field work, every Settlement Officer must decide what average outturn should be expected from a workign party. The standard must vary from district to district with physical features, size of fields, nature of irrigation, and the like. It may be noted, however, that so far it has been found that a patwari after working for three months on map correction is able to turn out from 50 to 75 numbers per working day. The number of course vary with the proportion of C and D fields.

            The standard of outturn per patwari per diem in map-correction fixed by the Settlement Office should, after approval by the Commissioner, be communicated to the Finaicial Commissioner through the Director of Land Records. This standard willbe used as a guide in checking the quarterly business returns.

30.       The instructions in paragraphs 291-4 of the Settlement Manual apply to map correction as well as to remeasurement. Survey land record work should be carried out simultaneously and a patwari should not be allowed to commence field work in a second village until he has completed the jamabandi of the first. The inspections, held while field work is in progress should be sufficient to bring all errors to light ; and there is no need to have at the end a minute investigation of finished work for the purpose of detecting errors or to collect the patwaris in one place for that purpose. In each tahsil the whole work ; including fields survey and the preparation of jambandis ; should be complete in two years at most and the Settlement Officer should indicate from the first what villages should be finished inthe first year, and what villages inthe second, and which of them are so large that they must be commenced in the first year in order to be finsihed by the end of the second. The work of map correction is best and quickest done by the patwari of the circle, with his previous knowledge of his villages, and the patwari staff should, therefore, be supplemented by temporary establishement only to the extent necessary to ensure the tahsil being finished within two years from the commencement of work.

31.       The instructions contained in the note to paragraph 8 of Appendix VII apply also to corrections of the field map carried out under this appendix.

REPORT SHOWING WHETHER A CERTAIN VILLAGE CAN BE MASURED ON THE tarmim SYSTEM OR NOT

            Partal showing whether Mauza Bhana inthe Sonepat tahsil can be measured onthe tarmin system or jadid.

            The farzi water has been measured by the chain and scale, with the following result :-

A. - Data of farzi water.

Sr. No. of

perpendicular

PLACE WHEN BE WATER DRAWN

PLACE WHERE THE WATER ENDS

CUTTINGS BY FIELD

REMARKS

 

Field No.

Angle

Field No

Angle

Field No.

Dist-ance by scale accor-ding to settle-ment map

Dis-tance by chain

Diffe-rence

 

1

1845

From south-western corner

1925

To north-western corner

1845

14

12

2

Difference in the cuttings amounts only to a karam or two. The difference in the whole kutr is only 3 karams which is significant.

 

 

 

 

 

1846

30

28

2

 

 

 

 

 

 

1861

38

37

1

 

 

 

 

 

 

1862

50

49

1

 

 

 

 

 

 

1874

53

52

1

 

 

 

 

 

 

1875

73

73

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1894

100

102

2

 

 

 

 

 

 

1916

115

116

1

 

 

 

 

 

 

1920

128

129

1

 

 

 

 

 

 

1919

136

137

1

 

 

 

 

 

 

1921

153

154

1

 

 

 

 

 

 

1925

170

173

2

 

 

B. – Data of the ehomenda by fields

Sr.

Field

ACCORDING TO SHAJ A

ACCORDING TO CHAIN

DIFFERENCE

 

No.

No.

East

West

South

North

East

West

South

North

East

West

South

North

1

1909

19

16

16

15

19½

15

15

15

½

1

 

1

2

1910

21

19

15

16

22½

19½

16

16½

1½

½

½

1

3

1911

19

19

14

14

20

19

14

16

1

 

1

 

4

1912

19

17

14

14

19

19

15

15

 

2

1

1

5

1925

24

22

10

12

25

24

10

11

1

2

1

 

1.         The fields on the spot are generally as they are shown in the settlement map ; and there appears to be no difference in their shape.

2.         The differences inthe details of the cultivated and uncultivated areas and the number of the khasra numbers of the village according to the last settlement and the last jamabandi are shown as below :-

Detail

AREA IN BIGHAS KARAM

Total

Khasra No.

Remarks

 

Cultivated

Uncultivated

 

 

 

According to last settlement

2,977

753

3,730

2,209

 

According to jamabandi of last year

2,993

738

3,731

2,276

 

Difference            Excess

                             Deficiency

16

 

15

1

67

 

3.         At last settlement the calculation of the areas was generally made by the method of taking averages of the opposite side (lampet), and, as far as possible many-sided figures were made into various rectangles and their areas were calculated by the perpendicular system, and the whole area of the figure was totalled up.

4.         the Lambardars and leading villagers say that they have found the map generally accurate, but in the south-west corner (fields Nos. 289-376), where the soil is sandy, they woulld like the field boundaries laid down afresh, and that they are not sure about the field boundaries resulting from the partition of shamlat patti Awanan made in 1899.

 

 

APPENDIX XXII

Revised Rules to be observed int he printing, binding and distribution of Assessment and Settlement Reports.

Circular letter No. 2138-R51/1853, dated Simla, the 20th April, 1951.

From

Under-Secretary to the Financial Commissioners, Punjab.

To

The Commissioners, Jallundur and Ambala Divisions.

            In supersession of the rules contained in this office circular letter No. 185-191-R, dated the 16th january, 1935. I am directed to forward, for your information and guidance the following revised rules to be observed in the printing and distribution of assessment and settlement reports :-

            (1)        In order to avoid delays due to (a) imperfect manuscript and (h) alterations in proof, all manuscripts intended for the press should be well considered so that the author may have few, if any, alterations to make in the proof copy. The manuscript should be either typed or in clear legible writing, properly paged and complete with any instructions the author may wish to give for the guidance of the press.

            (2)        Manuscripts of assessment reports and of settlement reports should be sent direct to the Controller, Printing and Stationery, Punjab, by Settlement Officers and the fact reported to the Under - Secretary to the Financial Commissioners. A correct record should be maintained by the Officer concerned of the dates (1) on which manuscripts are sent and (2) on which first and (when necessary) second or third proofs are obtained and (3) on which they are returned to the press after correction. It is for the Settlement Officer concerned to say, when returning the first proof to the press, whether or not the requires a second proof. Any delay on the part of the press should be immediately reported by the Settlement Officer to the Under Secretary to the Financial Commissioners. A spare copy of each proof of the assessment report and statements should also be forwarded by the Government Press to the Financial Commissioner's Officer simultaneously with its submission to the Settlement officer, for the purpose of checking the produce estimate, the calculation of the maximum legal demand under section 51 of the Land Revenue Act, calculation of the index figure or figures for the purposes of the sliding scale system of remissions and the crop ands soil rates. Any mistakes discovered wil be communicated by that office to the Settlement Officer to enable him to carry out the necessary corrections in the final proof.

            (3)        When a manuscript, likely to extend to, say 30 pages of print or over, is sent to press, a special letter should accompany it to the Controller, Printing and Stationery, Punjab, drawing attention to the job, and requesting that it may not be delayed. If the printed copy is not received within six weeks after date of the manuscript being sent to press an urgent reminder should be sent, especially as regards assessment reports and other cases where action has to be taken.

            (4)        The map or maps intended to illustrate the reports should be sent to the Under-Secretary to the Financial Commissioner and not to the press. They should be limited to foolscap size, unless there is special reason for adopting a larger size in any particular case. Care should be taken that the maps are correct and complete, so that no alterations (as opposed to corrections) may have to be made in the proof later.

            (5)        The Financial Commissioners' Officer will forward the maps to the Controller Printing and Stationery, Punjab, who will arrange for their printing. But before the final print, proofs of the maps should be forwarded direct by the press to the Settlement Officer concerned for approval. On receipt of the final proof, the press should print the required number of copies and paste them at the end of the reports.

            (6)        To avoid delay in the printing of the report and the preparation of maps, it is necessary that whenever a report is sent by the Settlement Officer to the press for proof or whenever a proof of a report or a map is submitted by the press to the Settlement Officer a copy of the forwarding letter should be endorsed to the Under-Secretary to the Financial Commissioner for information. This will enable the Financial Commissioner's Office to see at any time where a report or a map is and since when. When the final proofs are passed, the fact should be intimated by the Settlement Officer to the Under-Secretary to the Financial Commissioners.

            (7)        The text and the statements in the case of assessment reports should be printed and bound in separate volumes and all concerned should see that this point is not overlooked.

            (8)        As so as an intimation from the Settlement Officer about the Despatch of the manuscript of an assessment or settlement report to the press is received, the Financial Commissioner's Office will arrange to ascertain the exact number of copies of an assessment or settlement report required in the case of items 7, 8 and 9 of the distribution list of the former and in the case of items 9 and 28 of the distribution list of the latter that are appended to rule (10) infra. The Press should then be informed by the Financial Commissioners Office, of the total number of copies of the reports to be rpinted. The number of copies of the maps to be printed will of course follow the number of copies of their respective reports.

            (9)        The Government Press will send to the Financial Commissioners' Office 6 advance copies of all assessment and settlement reports which will be distributed as under :-

            (1)        Settlement Officer concerned ;

            (2)        Deputy Commissioner concerned ;

            (3)        Commissioner of the Division ;

            (4)        Financial Commissioner concerned ;

            (5)        Under-Secretary to the Financial Commissioner '

            (6)        Superintendent, Settlment Branch.

(10)      Assessment and Settlement Reports will be distributed complete according to the distribution lists appended. No copies other than the authorised advance copies will be issued in advance of Government orders. Copies of government orders, when published, together with the reviews by the Commissioner and the Financial Commissioner should be bound up with the reports. The assessment reports will be distributed by the Financial commissioner's Office and the Settlement reports by the Controller, Printing and Stationery, Punjab.

Endorsement No. 2138-R 51/1854.

            A copy forwarded to the Controller, Printing and Stationery, Punjab, Chandigarh, for information and guidance.

Distribution list of copies of Assessment Reports

Serial No

Name of recipient

Number of copies required

Remarks

1

2

3

4

1

Commissioner of division in which the district is situated

3

 

2

Other Commissioner (1 copy each)

2

 

3

Deputy Commissioner of the District

5

 

4

Settlement Officer concerned

5

 

5

Director of Land Records, Punjab

1

 

6

Director of Agriculture, Punjab

1

 

7

Deputy Commissioner of adjoining districts

Number of copies to be determined under rule 8

 

8

Other Settlement Officers

Ditto

 

9

Irrigation Branch

Ditto

 

10

Financial Commissioner's Office use

10

 

11

Financial Commissioner's Office

6

Advance copies – 1 for Deputy concerned, 1 for Commissioner concerned, 3 for Financial Commissioner's Office use

12

For proceedings etc.

21

 

 

The distribution list of Final Settlement Reports

Serial No

Name of recipient

Number of copies required

Remarks

1

2

3

4

1

The Librarian,  Imperial Library, Calcutta

1

 

2

The Librarian, Harding Public Library, Delhi

1

 

3

The Librarian, Bihar and Orissa Secretariat Patna

1

 

4

The Librarian, Shrimati Radhika Sinha

1

 

5

The Editor, `The Tribune' Ambala Cantt

1

 

6

The Editor, Associate Press of India, Punjab Branch

1

 

7

The Registrar, Punjab University, Chandigarh

1

 

8

The Director of Land Records, Punjab

1

 

9

The Chief Engineer, Public works Department, Irrigation Branch

Number of copies to be determined under rule 8.

 

10

The Secretary to Government, Punjab Public Works Department, Buildings and Roads Branch

1

 

11

The Registrar, High Court, Punjab

1

 

12

The Advocate-General, Punjab

1

 

13

The Registrar, Co-operative Societies, Punjab

1

 

14

The Director of Agriculture, Punjab

2

 

15

The Principal, Punjab Agricultural College, Ludhiana

1

 

16

The Chief Conservator of Forests, Punjab

1

 

17

The Director, Veterinary Services, Punjab

2

 

18

The Secretary, Punjab State Legislature

10

 

19

The Librarian, Punjab State Library, Chandigarh

8

 

20

The Financial Commissioner's office

5

 

21

The Financial Commissioner's office

6

(Advance copies – 1 for Deputy Commissioner concerned, 1 for settlement officer concerned for commissioner concerned and 3 for Financial Commissioner's office use.

22

The Financial Commissioner's office

21

For proceedings

23

Deputy Commissioner of the District

7

 

24

All other Deputy Commissioner's in the Punjab (one copy each)

18

 

25

Commissioner of Division in which district lies

3

 

26

Other Commissioners

2

 

27

Settlement officer concerned

1

 

28

Other Settlement officers

Number of copies to be determined under rule 8

 

29

The Librarian, Servants of India Society, Poona

1

 

 

APPENDIX XXIII

(SETTLEMENT MANUAL, PARAGRAPH 450)

Rules regarding the asessment and collection of owner's rates in
Canal Irrigated Jagir and Muafi Lands.[2]

GENERAL RULES FOR ALL NEW Jagir or muafi GA\RANTS AND FOR OLD GRANTS TO WHICH CANAL IRRIGATION HAS NOT HERETOFORE EXTENDED.

1.         In the case of (a) all new grants which may be made hereafter, or (b) or lapsing grants continued to heirs by review of former orders, or (c) of old grants to which canal irrigation has not heretofore extended, the grantees shall not get the woner's rate. The rule in respect to grants of class (c( shall be subject to the following proviso :-

            Proviso - If owing to supersession of irrigation from wells or other private works by irrigation from a Government canal, particular fields forming part of a jagir or muafi grant and assessed with land revenue at irrigation rates shall at a setlement subsequent to the grant, be assessed at dry rates and made liable to a separate chage of the nature of owner's rate, then the grantee (if not also the proprietor or cultivator of the land) shall be entitled to compensation for the loss of the irrigated rate of land revenue which he formerly received on such fields. The compensation may take the form of an assignemtn of the whole of part of the owner's rate on such fields or of a lump sum cash payment or of a separate additional assignment of land revenue, as may seem most advisable each case.

GENERAL RULES FOR ALL ODL (i.e.) PREVIOUSLY MADE) jagir or muafi GRANTS TO WHICH CANAL IRRIGATION HAS BEEN HERETOFORE EXTENDED

1.         If the grant was irrigated from a Government canal, either when the grant was first made or before the first regular settlement, and the guarantee has hitherto enjoyed, either in the way of assignement or remission, the owner's rate or a laond revenue assessed by the old procedure at canal - irrigated rates, he shall get owner's rate in future.

2.         If the grant was not irrigated by the canal, either when the grant was first made or before the first regular settlement, the grantee shall not get owner's rate ;' but this rule shall be subject to the following :-

            Proviso I. If on the Upper Bari Doab and Upper Sutlej Innundation Canals the Government has heretofore surrendered to the grantee the charge equivalent to owner's rate, viz., the water-advantrage rate on the Upper Bari Doab Canal and on the Upper Sutlej Innundation Canals in the Laore District, and half the fluctuation revenue on the Upper Sutlej innundation Canals int he Montgomery District, the grantee shall enjoy the owner's rate for his life.

Explation. - In the case of grants held by instructions the surrender or owner rate will be contined only during the life of the present head of the institution if there is ----- nd if there is no such head, the term of settlement will be substituted for the life of the holder in applying his proviso.

            Proviso II. If, owing to supersession of irrigation from wells for other private works by irrigation from a Government canal, particular fields forming part of a jagir or muafi grant and assessed with land revenue at irrigation rates shall at a settlement subsequent to the grant be assessed at dry rates and made liable to a separate charge of the nature of owner's rate, then the grantee (if not also the proprietor or cultivator of the land) shall be entitled ot compensation for the loss of the irrigated rate of land revenue which he formerly received on such fields. This compensation may take the form of an assignemtn of the whole or part of the owner rate on such field or of --------sum cash payment, or of a separate additional assignment of land revenue, as --------- most advisable in each case.

Proviso III - This rule will not apply to the cases of such assignees, if any, who are exsressly entitled to owner's rate under the terms of the grants.

General Explanation I. - For the purpose of the above rules, the term "owner's Rate" includes water-advabtage revenue, and half of the fluctating canal revenue on the Upper Sutlej Innuncation Canals in Montgomery, which represents the revenue demand at prigated rate under the former system of assessment ; and also the canal advantage revenue rate assessable in the districts of Multan, Muzaffargah and Dera Ghazi Kahn on land nor assessed with land revenue at canal-irrigated rates of the late settlement which may ------ be supplied with canal water.

General Explanation II. - The term "grant" means each separate village or muafi plot ; not a grant comprising several separate villages or several separate plots.

 

Contents


[1] See paragraph 24 below.

[2] Government of India, Revenue and Agricultural Department, letters No. 80, dated 17th October, 1881, and No. 270 dated 6th December, 1881, and Punjab Government endoresement No. 2-S, dated 16th January, 1882.