Succession

 

14.            Questions regarding succession. Paragraph 171 of the Land Administration Manual- Questions of succession do not as a rule cause much trouble.  The terms of the grant usually indicate clearly who the successor or successors must be.  Consequently whenever a question of succession arises, the Deputy Commissioner should not depend upon the reports of the subordinates but must personally satisfy himself of the terms of the grant before orders are passed.

 

15.       Power of sanction. Deputy Commissioner to sanction succession to assignments.  Rule 6 of the Punjab Pension and Revenue Assignment Rules, 1937.            Deputy Commissioners may sanction the succession of heirs in  accordance with the terms of the grant, to assignments (a) of the land revenue of specified fractional parts of one or more estates, (b) of the land revenue of plots of land forming part of an estate, and (c) in the Ferozepore, Ludhiana, Ambala and Karnal districts to pattidari or horseman’s shares, and in the Jullundur doab to similar shares in conquest jagirs.

 

16.            Sanction to succession to assignment of entire estates. Rule 5 of the Punjab Pension and Revenue Assignment Rules, 1937. Commissioners may sanction the succession of heirs, in accordance with the terms of the grant,  to assignments of the land revenue of one or more entire estates.

 

17.       Grants held during the pleasure of Government.  Punjab Government letter No.680-R., dated 26th February, 1935. In the case of assignments of land revenue released during the pleasure of Government, the Financial Commissioner is empowered to sanction the succession of heirs to grants of the annual value of Rs.50 or less.  In cases of succession to grants the annual value of which exceeds Rs.50, proposals should be submitted through the Financial Commissioner for the orders of Government.

 

18.            Interpretation of the term “succession to heirs male”. Paragraph 158 of the Land Administration Manual - The conventional expression “succession to heirs male” when used in the original order conveying sanction to a grant, means that the grant descends to a single heir, unless a different rule of succession is specially prescribed.  For the purposes of this ruling the term “heir male” may be taken to be the equivalent of “male issue”.

 

            Rule 8 of the Punjab Pension and Revenue Assignment Rules, 1937- This ruling applies only to assignments of land revenue granted in perpetuity after the 25th November, 1859.  In the absence of any provision to the contrary in the grant such assignments descent integrally to a single heir, whose right does not become complete until his succession has been confirmed by the local Government.  This confirmation may, if cause should arise, be withheld.

 

19.            Succession in case of small grants for service to be performed. Paragraph 159 of the Land Administration Manual.            Petty grants of an annual value not exceeding Rs.20 for service to be rendered to village communities, should not be split up but should be held from generation to generation by one individual only, who should ordinarily be the eldest heir of the deceased incumbent.  If there are good reasons, however, the local authorities should arrange to supersede him provided this is agreed to by those interested in the service to be rendered.

            Existing joint holders should not be disturbed but advantage should be taken of future successions to get rid of the joint enjoyment.

 

20.       Rules 9 of the Punjab Pension and Revenue Assignment Rules, 1937. Succession to small grants assigned to several persons for their lives.            Petty grants of an annual value not exceeding Rs.20 when assigned to two or more individuals collectively for a single generation only without it being specified that the share of each individual is to lapse on his death, will descend without diminution to the survivors of the original assignees; and it is only on the death of the last survivor that the whole will lapse.

 

 

21.    Paragraph 175 of the Land Administration Manual. Succession to grants for religious institutions. It is not part of a Collector’s duty to settle succession to endowments for the support of religious institutions.  It is the policy of Government, as laid down in Act XX of 1863, to abstain from interference in the management of religious institutions……….. If the succession is contested, the Collector should either pay the revenue to the claimant who is actually in possession, or suspend payment altogether till the dispute is settled.  He should adopt the latter course when litigation is protracted, and it is clear that funds intended for religious or charitable purposes are being diverted into the pockets of lawyers.

 

22.            Succession to Military jagirs, special jagirs and jagirs governed by the provisions of the Punjab Jagirs Act, 1941. For succession to military jagirs, special jagirs and jagirs governed by the provisions of the Punjab Jagirs Act, 1941 see paragraphs 2, 3 and 4, respectively, above.

 

Resumption  and  forfeiture

 

23.            Paragraphs 176 to 182 of the Land Administration Manual, which should be consulted, explain the circumstances under which land revenue assignments are to be resumed.  Special attention is invited to the provisions regarding assignments for the support of religious institutions, and to breaches of the condition of loyalty and good conduct.

 

24.       (a)            The Financial Commissioner has power to resume any grant of the annual value of Rs.50 and under at any time if he of opinion that the conditions, on which the grant was made are not substantially fulfilled.

 

            (b)            If it is proposed to resume any grant of which the annual value exceeds Rs.50 the case should be submitted through Financial Commissioner for the orders of the Punjab Government.    

 

                                    Orders relating to lapses of assignments

 

25.       The Collector is competent to enforce the lapse of term-expired assignments, to arrange for the assignment of the land and to determine the amount to be treated as khalsa in future.  His discretion to resume, of his own authority, assignments of which the terms has expired is, however, not unfettered.  In certain cases of assignments for a life or lives, the original order of release provides for reconsideration on the grant falling in.  Grants on account of services rendered in 1848 or during the Mutiny, originally made for a term, may not be resumed without reference to the Financial Commissioner.  The reasons for showing liberality in such cases are explained in paragraph 187 of the Land Administration Manual.  It must be remembered that special liberality has been enjoined for grants to religious and charitable institutions (paragraph 191 of the Land Administration Manual).  When a grant made for the support of a religious institution has been confirmed for the life of the incumbent, and would  lapse on death, the Collector may, on his decease, refrain from giving effect to the lapse, and report the case for final orders, and shall adopt this course if he considers that the institution is valued by the people, and the resumption would cause dissatisfaction.  When it appears to the Collector to be undesirable to enforce lapses, a recommendation for the reconsideration of the original order should be made.

 

26.            Procedure on discovery of unreported lapses. When an unreported lapse is discovered, the revenue wrongfully enjoyed should be recovered unless remitted by proper authority and the patwari and village headmen should be called to account for their neglect of duty.  Person giving information of concealed lapses should be suitably rewarded.

            It is not intended that any general inquiry should be made into the manner in which jagirs granted for more than one generation have been dealt within the past. But in future cases, Deputy Commissioners should be guided by the following remarks:-

            It is only just that recoveries should be made of erroneous payments; but although this should be the general rule, exceptions must be made where the persons liable are not entitled to participate in any grant, and are without the means of making the payments due from them; and, in other cases, where the recovery of the whole sum would cause undue hardship. In the latter class of cases, the length of time during which the recipients have enjoyed a grant without title thereto and the circumstances under which the error occurred, should be taken into consideration. If the error was solely that of Government of its officers, and  the grant had been wrongly continued for many years, the recovery of a part only of the sum due might usually be sufficient. Each case of recovery should be dealt with on its merits with reference to these remarks.

 

27.       Entire estates. On the lapse or resumption of an assignment of a land revenue of one or more estates, or of a specific proportion of such revenue, no new settlement will ordinarily be necessary as jagir villages have, in most cases, already been settled with the proprietors.  The estate or estates will be entered in the half-yearly return of lapsed and resumed assignments in order to obtain sanction to the inclusion of the revenue assessed on them in the district revenue roll for the following year.

 

28.            Revenue-free plots.            On the lapse or resumption of plots the revenue of which has been assigned, the Collector must determine whether, with reference to the actual assets of the plot the assessment fixed by the Settlement Officer, as demandable on lapse, if any, should be enforced; and, if no demand has been fixed, what demand should be made.

            If the assessment is made at full rates, i.e., at the assessment rates per acre for each kind of soil in the estate, as fixed by the Settlement Officer, the Collector will report his order only in the yearly statement prescribed in paragraph 38 of this standing order.  But if the assessment is made at anything less than full rates, the Collector, must, at the time of making his order, submit, it with the file, in original, to the Commissioner for confirmation, who, on receipt of the file, will pass such orders thereon as he sees fit.

            By paragraph 38 below the Commissioner are required to note that the assessments reported in the yearly statements have their approval. In the covering letter submitting statement they should call special attention to those cases in which they have approved assessments at less than full rates.

            The sanction of the Financial Commissioner to the settlement of lapsed and resumed jagirs and muafis mentioned in paragraph 38 will be deemed to be sufficient confirmation of the assessments for the purposes of section 59(2) of the Land Revenue Act.

 

29.            Settlement with heirs of deceased muafidars.  Paragraphs 180-81 of the Settlement Manual deal with an assignee’s connection with the land and his right and the right of his heirs, to have a settlement made with them.  The existing instructions on the subject are contained in paragraphs 182-83 of the Settlement Manual.

            These instructions permit of an assessment at favourable rates being made with the heir of a deceased muafidar.  As there stated, favourable assessments should rarely be adopted, and, if adopted, they will hold good for the life of the immediate heir of the late muafidar, or, if there be several immediate heirs, then for their joint lives unless it is specified that the share of each will lapse on his death.

 

30.       Small sums not to be added to assessment of the estate.   If the arrangement that has lapsed falls short of one rupee, no addition should be made to the demand upon the estate of which it forms part.

 

31.            Resumed assignments to share in reduction of assessments granted to the village.  On a reduction of assessment being granted to a village in which a settlement of a resumed assignment of land revenue has been made, a proportionate reduction will be allowed upon such assignments.

 

32.       The heirs of the muafidar are entitled to receive the revenue payable in respect of any crops that may have been sown, or may be standing, at the time of his decease.  To remove uncertainties in the operation of this rule, the following instructions are issued:

(a)               If the muafidar dies between the Ist October and the 31st May, the resumption shall take effect from the instalment of the following kharif.

(b)               If he dies between the Ist June and the 30th September, it shall take effect from the instalment of the following rabi.

 

Note; - This paragraph does not apply to ala lambardari, sufedposhi and zaildari inams paid by deduction from revenue.  These should be resumed from the date of the death of the inamdar, the proportionate sum due to him upto date being paid to his legal representatives.  The amount due to the deceased will be calculated for the period from the Ist of October preceding the inamdar’s death up to and inclusive of the date of his death, and will be the same fraction of the total annual value of the inam as that period is of the whole year.  The proportionate sum for the period from the day following the inamdar’s death upto the 30th of the following September, will be collected as fluctuating land revenue, and the full year’s value of the inam added to the rent roll for the following agricultural year, (vide paragraph 38 of this Standing Order, read with paragraph 1 of the Standing Order No.31).

 

            “The sadar wasil baqi nawis will be held responsible for any excess payment made to the legal representative of a deceased inamdar as a result of wrong calculation.  With a view to enable the sadar wasil baqi nawis to calculate the correct amount of inam due, the date of death of an inamdar should be reported to him by the tehsil authorities as soon as possible.”

 

33.       Who will receive revenue of resumed assignments in jagir villages.  In villages held entirely in jagir the revenue of the lapsed assignment will be payable to the jagirdar, except when the assignment was granted by Maharaja Ranjit Singh, Maharaja Kharak Singh or Maharaja Sher Singh, or has been maintained by special order of Government after investigation in the jagir office of the Board of Administration.

 

Note:- (“Ambala Settlement reports Northern parganas, by Melvill, paragraph 322 and “Southern parganas” by Wynyard, paragraph 265.”)—The powers of jagirdars to resume revenue free holdings the continuance of which had not been guaranteed by a British officer, was recognised by the Board of Administration in October, 1851, and again in their letter no. 447, dated 13th February, 1852, to the Commissioner directing that all jagir estates should be brought under assessment.  They directed that Government officers should not interfere with the free action of jagirdars in regard to the release or resumption of revenue-free land in their villages save where the order of a British officer may exist in favour of any party.

 

34.       In shared villages where shares of jagirdars and Government are separate . In villages shared between Government and the jagirdar if the lands paying revenue to the jagirdar have been separated off, the above rule will apply to lapsed assignments of the revenue of land which is situated in the jagirdars share.

 

35.       Where jagirdar’s shares has not been separated.            If the paying revenue to the jagirdar are not separate, the assignment will lapse to Government, unless it can be shown to have been made by the jagirdar or his ancestor.  If this can be shown, the lapse will be to the jagirdar where he is in possession of his entire original holding, less any deduction made by way of commutation for service; but, if a share in the estate has accrued to Government by lapse or forfeiture, and the assessment in the resumed land is not less than Rs.5, the proceeds shall be divided between Government and the jagirdar in the rate of their shares, the jagirdar receiving the benefit of all fractional parts of a rupee, and of all lapses under Rs.5.

 

36.            Calculation of service commutation on sub-assignments. Financial Commissioners’ circular letter no. 5551, dated 25th September, 1900 - Where there are jagirs liable to the payment of service commutation, and petty muafis and allowances are granted by a jagirdar to dependents which will eventually lapse to him, and not to Government, all such petty muafis must in future be included in the jagir for the purpose of calculating the service commutation due.  Except in Ambala, where this practice has been observed since the last settlement, this rule applies only to petty grants made after the 26th September 1900.

 

37.       On the lapse of a jagir in whole or in part, recoveries of jagir revenue should be credited to Government under the appropriate head, and not placed in deposit for the benefit of claimants to the jagir.  A refund can always be granted on the recognition of the claims of heirs and others.  An exception to this rule should of course be made under the circumstances provided for in rule IV in paragraph 64.

 

38.            Instructions for submission of returns - A yearly return in the form below showing the settlement of lapsed and resumed assignments will be submitted by Collectors to Commissioners on the 15th April, each year.  The district statements should be forwarded so as to reach the Financial Commissioner by the first May.  The district return will include all assignments, including inams of which the lapse has come to notice during the preceding year and the resumption of which will effect the fixed land revenue roll of the following agricultural year.  The total of column 9 will, after sanction by the Financial Commissioner, appear as an  “addition” in the fixed revenue roll submitted in October.  And the harvests for which the new assessment will have to be paid in each case previous to its incorporation in the fixed revenue roll (column 13) will end in every instance with the rabi preceding the agricultural year to the fixed revenue roll of which the new assessment will be added.

 

            The amounts shown in column 13 will be collected as fluctuating land revenue.  The total of column 13 will agree with the total of the monthly entries in the running register (Standing Order No. 31, paragraph 29) made by the tehsil wasil baqi nawis and initialled by the tehsildar or naib-tehsildar.  The demand shown in column 7 of tauzi form A, opposite side-head 10, will not, however, agree with the total of column 13 of the resumption statement as all demands on account of muafis, etc., resumed from the Ist April, to the 30th September will, as orders are passed by the Deputy Commissioner, be included in column 6 of the register; and, therefore, in column 7 of tauzi form A, opposite side-head 10 (vide foot-note (c) to the form), but these demands will not be shown in the resumption statement till the next year.  The office copy of the statement should remain with the sadar wasil baqi nawis in order to enable him to check collections.

 

Statement of lapsed and resumed jagirs and muafis in

the____________district______________for the year ending the 31st March, 19

 

1

2

3

4

5

No.

Estate in which lapse or resumption occurred.

Estate of lapse or resumption, whether whole or part of village or muafi plot

Name of muafidar

Date of muafidar’s decease or other event entailing lapse or resumption of the holding.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

6

7

8

9

10

Harvest or date from which resumption is to take effect, with year

Area in acres

Proposed demand from resumed or lapsed lands

Net Government demand to be shown in the revenue roll for the year 193.......19....

Last total khalsa assessment of estate in which lapse has occurred.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

11

12

13

14

15

Pro-posed total khalsa assess-ment of estate

Amount to be deducted from service commutation in consequence of this lapse or resumption

Harvest from which assessment will have to be paid previous to its incorporation in the fixed revenue roll, and amounts due on account of each harvest.

Amounts to be remitted for past harvest on account of service commutation with details by harvests

REMARKS

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

            Column 6.—In the case of jagirs and muafis, the entries will be by harvests, e.g rabi 19____or kharif  19____ ( as the case may be); while in the case of inams, this column will show the date immediately following  the date of the inamdar’s decease; and it should be borne in mind, that, in the former case, the assignee or his heir is entitled to take the crop sown  or growing at the time of assumption; and in the latter case the inamdar’s heir is entitled to take the proportionate sum, as defined in the note to paragraph 32 of this Standing Order.

 

            Column 8.—The demand shown in this column should be that assessed by the Settlement Officer unless there is some special reason to the contrary.  If such reason exists, it should be noted in the remarks column.

 

            Column 9.—It will ordinarily be the same as column, 8; where they differ, explanation of the cause should be shown in the column  of remarks.  In columns 8 and 9 annas and pies will not be shown.  Fractions of a rupee not exceeding 8 annas will be omitted.  Fractions exceeding 8 annas will be shown as 1 rupee, provided that, if the assignment that has left false short of rupee, no addition should be made to the demand upon the estate of which it forms part. 

 

            Columns 9 and 10.—Should make up the total jama entered in column 11.

 

            Column 13 and 14.—The amounts in these columns should be the actual amount to be collected or remitted, as the case may be, and should not be expressed in round figures of rupee only.

 

39.            Circular Memo 35 of 1887 - Recommendations for the grant of charitable pensions, or for the grant or continuance of land revenue assignments, must invariably be submitted in the printed propositions forms supplied to Collector, (paragraph 44).  A spare copy should be forwarded in all cases, in which the orders of Punjab Government or the Financial Commissioner are required.

 

40.            Circular IX of 1865. Extract from muafi register - Whenever an application for consideration of the orders previously passed by competent authority made or a proposal is submitted for the resumption  of an assignment or pension before the expiry or for its continuance after the expiry of its sanctioned term, a true extract should always be given from the muafi register in which the case was originally reported, the number of the register, the entry in the register, and the date of the original order disposing of the case been invariably cited.  The Collector should, when making a reference in such cases explain any matter which is not clear in the proposition statement and the extract from the muafi register.  For example, when the value of the assignment or name of a village as stated in the proposition statement differs from that in the extract from the register, the Collector should invariably give a brief explanation of the difference.

 

41.            Circular No. 32 of 1882 - When muafi cases in which a number of share-holders are concerned are reported, a pedigree table of the family showing the relationship of the different shareholders should be attached.

 

42.       Punjab Government resolution no.488, dated 4th October 1884, as amended by Punjab Government no.28, dated 11th March 1899 - Submission of proposals for continuance of life assignments or pensions - The following rules  apply to the submission of proposals for the continuance on personal grounds of land revenue assignments and political pensions originally granted for one or more lives:--

 

I.            The general rule is that pensions, jagirs and revenue-free holdings granted for one or more lives, lapse on the death of the grantee or holder last entitled; and, if it is proposed further to continue any portion thereof, special grounds must be shown, more particularly in the case of pensions.

 

II.         Proposals for the continuance of any part of revenue-free assignment on personal grounds should be made as soon as possible after the death of the holder. If not made within two years thereof, they will be rejected unless the delay is sufficiently explained.

 

III,       Such proposals should not be made unless—

(1)               the family of the deceased holder is in destitute or greatly reduced circumstances; or

(2)               the members of the family are unable to support themselves; or

(3)               the deceased holder has rendered important public services of a special kind; or

(4)               there are sufficient political reasons for exceptional liberality, because of the history, services or position of the family or its claims by reason of misfortunes beyond the control of the survivors upon the compassion of Government.

 

43.       Punjab Government resolution no.488, dated 4th October, 1884.Continuance of life assignments usually not to be proposed - When pensions to the female relatives of a deceased jagirdar or holder of a revenue-free assignment will sufficiently meet the case, proposals should not be made for continuing any part of a life jagir or revenue-free assignment.

 

44.       Punjab Government resolution no.488, dated 4th October, 1884, as amended by Punjab Government no.28, dated 11th March, 1899. Form of proposal for continuance or resumption of assignments or pension. A proposal for the continuance or resumption of an assignment or political pension should be made in the following form: -

 

Register of revenue-free grants in the______tehsil,_______district.

 

1

2

3

4

Number of village

Name of village with hadbast number

NAME,FATHER,SNAME,AGE,CASTE AND RESIDENCE,OF

Area of land, number of wells, etc.

 

 

 

 

The last holder

The proposed grantee

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

5

6

7

8

9

10

Annual value of grant.

 

Term of release under existing orders.

Previous history of grant with reference to orders sanctioning it and note of exciting shares.

Opinion of investi-gating officer.

Opinion of Comm-issioners.

Opinion or orders of Financial Commissioner.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

NOTE—In column 3, where the existing grantee has succeeded, by virtue of being chela of the former holder enter instead “son of____________” “chela of_______________”.  The age of proposed grantee must be carefully ascertained.

            In column 7 state whether the pension or jagir is in lieu of an older one; and, if so, give the date of the letter.  The extent and value of any other grants enjoyed by the same individual or institution with the nature of any orders issued in regard to them in detailing shares, the relationship of the parties should be indicated.

            In columns 7 and 8  nothing should be omitted which will enable the superior authorities at once to form an opinion on the merits of the case. If under the existing rules the case requires the orders of Government, erase the words “or orders” in column 10 and add a column “Order of the Punjab Government.”

 

45.            Information to be given in the case of proposals made to continue part of a life jagir or political pension, or to grant pensions to the families of deceased jagirdars.  Punjab Government resolution No. 488, dated 4th October, 1884, as amended by Punjab Government no.28, dated 11th March, 1899. In the case of proposals made to continue part of a life jagir or political pension or to grant pensions to the families of deceased jagirdars, this form should be accompanied by a pedigree-table of the family, and the following questions should be answered:-

 

(1)               What heirs or other relatives who depended upon him for support have been left by the deceased grantee or pensioner ?

 

(2)               What are the means of each one of these persons ?

 

(3)               Are any of them, by reason of tender years, sex or any infirmity, unable to earn their livelihood ?

 

(4)               Had the deceased any special claim on Government for good services rendered which still calls for recognition ?  If so, by what precedent is any proposal for the continuance of any portion of the emolument supported ?

 

(5)               Is the land owned or cultivated by the muafidar ?

 

(6)               With effect from what date is sanction solicited ?

 

46.            Circular No. 25 of 1879. All grants held by same person to be considered simultaneously - In order to ensure uniformity in the treatment of proposals for the continuance of muafi grants held by individuals or institutions in separate villages or plots, in the same or in different districts, Government have ordered that such cases may be considered  together.  For obtaining the requisite clue to the sanction of the various grants, the claimants should be carefully questioned, and, if grants are held in other districts or divisions, the reporting officer should refer to the officers concerned before the proposals are submitted to the Financial Commissioners’ office.  The following procedure should be adopted:--

 

            I            Where the deceased held jagirs and muafis in more than one district, and the heirs have their principal residence in one of the said districts, the Deputy Commissioner of the district where the heirs are residing should report to Government after communicating with the other Deputy Commissioner or Deputy Commissioners concerned.

 

II.            Where the deceased held assignments in more than one district, and the heirs have their principal residence in none of those districts, but the deceased had his principal residence in one of those districts, the Deputy Commissioner of the deceased district should report consulting the other Deputy Commissioner concerned.

 

III.            Where the deceased held assignments only in one district, and the heirs have their principal residence in another district, the Deputy Commissioner of the deceased’s district should report after consulting the Deputy Commissioner of the latter district.

 

IV.            Where the deceased held assignments in more than one district, and neither the deceased nor the heirs had or have a principal place of residence in any of those districts, the Deputy Commissioner of the district of the largest assignment should report after consulting the other Deputy Commissioners concerned.

 

V.            When inquiring into the succession to any assignment of land revenue, or into the claim or relatives of deceased assignees of land revenue to a pension or other provision, the investigating officer should inquire whether the deceased held assignments in districts other than that in which the investigation is held.

 

Instructions for deciding whether a jagir is of fixed amount, or whether its value is liable to fluctuate as the result of reassessment

 

47.       Punjab Government No. 11-A, dated 26th November, 1896.  Old Sikh jagirs  that have been continued or confirmed by the British Government are, as a rule, grants of the revenue of certain lands, the valuation at the time of the grant being mentioned merely to give an idea of the bounty conferred.

 

48.        When however, an assignment of revenue of a specified amount has been made by the British Government after annexation as a new grant, it being left to a subordinate authority to determine the particular lands out of whose revenue it is to be met, it should, in the absence of anything to the contrary be construed merely as a grant of a fixed sum per annum in cash.  The nature of such a grant cannot be altered by any arrangement that the subordinate authority may make for meeting it; that is to say, if that authority sets aside the revenue of certain lands to meet it, and that revenue falls off, otherwise than under the ordinary rules of suspensions and remissions (see paragraph 51 below). Government will have to make good the deficiency to the grantee; and, on the other hand, if the revenue of those lands increases, the grantee will not be entitled to the increment.  He will only  receive what Government sanctioned for him viz., a fixed sum per annum in cash.

 

49.       If, however, in any jagir  the *kam-o-besh  rule has already been adopted  the principal laid down in paragraph 48 should not be rigidly applied.  There may be cases where owing to its not being followed in the past, jagirdars have been  put to considerable loss because the revenues of lands assigned to them for meeting a grant of fixed annual amount have fallen off.  If in such cases the revenue of the land has subsequently increased to more than the fixed annual amount, it might be inequitable to limit the assignee to the fixed annual amount.  All such cases, and any others where there is good reason for not applying the principal, should be reported for the orders of Government when in the ordinary course, either at the resettlement of a district or on the death of an incumbent, any jagir tenure comes up for consideration.

 

            As for assignments made after 1896 the principal laid down in paragraph 48 should invariably be applied.  When Government sanctions a jagir of a fixed amount without reference, express or implied, to particular lands, that jagir is deemed to be a grant of a fixed amount not subject to the kam-o-besh or any similar rule even though the grant may be allocated as the entire revenue or a fractional share of the revenue of a particular village or villages.

 

*An assignment is said to be subject to the kam-o-besh rule, when either expressly or by implication the revenue of certain lands are granted in jagir and the jagirdar is to receive only the revenues of those lands as they might from time to time be assessed and collected.

 

50.       The extent to which assignments to which the kam-o-besh rule has been held to apply, may benefit from enhancements of the demand due to the introduction of irrigation from a State canal, is determined by the orders contained in paragraph 450 and appendix XXIII of the Settlement Manual.

 

Effect of suspension and remission of land revenue on assignments

 

51.       Punjab Government letter No. 387-R(S.), dated the 17th June, 1931, and No.147-R., dated the 8th January, 1934 Punjab Government letter No.3372 R., dated 6th September, 1938.   Quite apart from the kam-o-besh rule, however, every assignment of the land revenue of a particular area, whether the assignment is of a fixed amount or not, is subject to reduction on account of suspensions and remissions of land revenue on account of calamities of the season.  It is presumed that association with particular villages is accepted by the jagirdars with the full knowledge that the  revenue of these villages may not at a time be collected in full.  Special jagirs are however exempt from liability to reduction  as the result of remissions under the sliding scale system of assessment.

 

Treatment of assignments at a general reassessment and during the currency of settlement

 

52.       The examination and attestation of existing assignments by the Settlement Officer, are described in paragraph 568-575 of the Settlement Manual. The Settlement Officer’s power to restore small grant for village service, or in favour of village institutions made for the term of settlement to their original position as grants made and controlled by the village community, is explained in paragraph 570 of the Settlement Manual and in paragraph 196 of the Land Administration Manual. The duties of the Collector as regards lapse and succession are discharged by the Deputy Commissioner, even when the district is  under settlement and all cases should be reported to him for orders by the Settlement Officer, to whom also the orders should be communicated in order that proper effect may be given to them in the records, and that the Settlement Officer may be able to carry out the duty imposed on him by paragraph 568, et. seq., of the Settlement Manual.  It is ordinarily advisable that grants for the support of religious, charitable or other analogous institutions should be in the name of the head or chief  representative of the institution; and where this can be effected with the consent of the assignees, it should ordinarily be done without reference to higher authority.

 

53.            Paragraph 572 of  the Settlement Manual deals with the submission of muafi registers by Settlement Officers.  Each register should be arranged in two groups, viz.:-

(A)             grants to institutions, and

(B)              grants to individuals,

 

and within itself each group should be topographically arranged, the first group containing (a) grants which require the orders of Government; and the second (b) grants requiring orders by the Financial Commissioner.  When two or more grants are held by any person or institution, this fact should always be noted on the entry of each of such grants in the register.  The form of the register is prescribed in paragraph 44.  A full history of the grants must, in all cases, be entered in the registers, and the correct numbers and dates of sanctioning and other connected letters should invariably be quoted.

 

When the registers are complete, Urdu translations should also be prepared.  For registers on which the Settlement Officer himself passes final orders no English version is necessary.

 

Every register submitted for the orders of higher authority should be accompanied by a skeleton  abstract in the form below giving, in the same order as that of register, the numbers of the cases, the names of the holders and blank columns for the orders of superior authority.  The orders passed in the register will be copied into this skeleton abstract, and will be communicated to the local authorities by the return of the abstract, which should contain columns for orders of Government and those of the Financial Commissioner.  The registers are retained in the Financial Commissioner’s office.

 

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